6608
PROPOSED STANDARD
Subcodes for BGP Finite State Machine Error
Authors: J. Dong, M. Chen, A. Suryanarayana
Date: May 2012
Area: rtg
Working Group: idr
Stream: IETF
Updates:
RFC 4271
Abstract
This document defines several subcodes for the BGP Finite State Machine (FSM) Error that could provide more information to help network operators in diagnosing BGP FSM issues and correlating network events. This document updates RFC 4271. [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 6608
PROPOSED STANDARD
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) J. Dong
Request for Comments: 6608 M. Chen
Updates: <a href="./rfc4271">4271</a> Huawei Technologies
Category: Standards Track A. Suryanarayana
ISSN: 2070-1721 Cisco Systems
May 2012
<span class="h1">Subcodes for BGP Finite State Machine Error</span>
Abstract
This document defines several subcodes for the BGP Finite State
Machine (FSM) Error that could provide more information to help
network operators in diagnosing BGP FSM issues and correlating
network events. This document updates <a href="./rfc4271">RFC 4271</a>.
Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by
the Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further
information on Internet Standards is available in <a href="./rfc5741#section-2">Section 2 of
RFC 5741</a>.
Information about the current status of this document, any
errata, and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
<a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6608">http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6608</a>.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
document authors. All rights reserved.
This document is subject to <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/bcp/bcp78">BCP 78</a> and the IETF Trust's Legal
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described in the Simplified BSD License.
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Table of Contents
<a href="#section-1">1</a>. Introduction ....................................................<a href="#page-2">2</a>
<a href="#section-2">2</a>. Requirements Language ...........................................<a href="#page-2">2</a>
<a href="#section-3">3</a>. Definition of Finite State Machine Error Subcodes ...............<a href="#page-2">2</a>
<a href="#section-4">4</a>. Usage of FSM Error Subcodes .....................................<a href="#page-2">2</a>
<a href="#section-5">5</a>. Security Considerations .........................................<a href="#page-3">3</a>
<a href="#section-6">6</a>. IANA Considerations .............................................<a href="#page-3">3</a>
<a href="#section-7">7</a>. Contributors ....................................................<a href="#page-4">4</a>
<a href="#section-8">8</a>. Acknowledgements ................................................<a href="#page-4">4</a>
<a href="#section-9">9</a>. References ......................................................<a href="#page-4">4</a>
<a href="#section-9.1">9.1</a>. Normative References .......................................<a href="#page-4">4</a>
<a href="#section-9.2">9.2</a>. Informative References .....................................<a href="#page-4">4</a>
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-1" href="#section-1">1</a>. Introduction</span>
This document defines several subcodes for the BGP [<a href="./rfc4271" title=""A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)"">RFC4271</a>] Finite
State Machine (FSM) Error that could provide more information to help
network operators in diagnosing BGP FSM issues and correlating
network events. This information is also helpful to developers in
lab situations. This document updates [<a href="./rfc4271" title=""A Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)"">RFC4271</a>] by requiring that
BGP implementations insert appropriate FSM Error subcodes in
NOTIFICATION messages for BGP FSM errors.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-2" href="#section-2">2</a>. Requirements Language</span>
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in <a href="./rfc2119">RFC 2119</a> [<a href="./rfc2119" title=""Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels"">RFC2119</a>].
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-3" href="#section-3">3</a>. Definition of Finite State Machine Error Subcodes</span>
This document defines the following subcodes for the BGP Finite State
Machine Error:
0 - Unspecified Error
1 - Receive Unexpected Message in OpenSent State
2 - Receive Unexpected Message in OpenConfirm State
3 - Receive Unexpected Message in Established State
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-4" href="#section-4">4</a>. Usage of FSM Error Subcodes</span>
If a BGP speaker receives an unexpected message (e.g., KEEPALIVE/
UPDATE/ROUTE-REFRESH message) on a session in OpenSent state, it MUST
send to the neighbor a NOTIFICATION message with the Error Code
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Finite State Machine Error and the Error Subcode "Receive Unexpected
Message in OpenSent State". The Data field is a 1-octet, unsigned
integer that indicates the type of the unexpected message.
If a BGP speaker receives an unexpected message (e.g., OPEN/UPDATE/
ROUTE-REFRESH message) on a session in OpenConfirm state, it MUST
send a NOTIFICATION message with the Error Code Finite State Machine
Error and the Error Subcode "Receive Unexpected Message in
OpenConfirm State" to the neighbor. The Data field is a 1-octet,
unsigned integer that indicates the type of the unexpected message.
If a BGP speaker receives an unexpected message (e.g., OPEN message)
on a session in Established State, it MUST send to the neighbor a
NOTIFICATION message with the Error Code Finite State Machine Error
and the Error Subcode "Receive Unexpected Message in Established
State". The Data field is a 1-octet, unsigned integer that indicates
the type of the unexpected message.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-5" href="#section-5">5</a>. Security Considerations</span>
Specification, implementation, and deployment of the proposed BGP FSM
Error subcodes could make BGP implementation fingerprinting easier
and probably more accurate. Operators using BGP need to consider
this as an operational security consideration of their BGP deployment
decisions.
[<a id="ref-BFMR2010">BFMR2010</a>] discusses a number of BGP security issues and potential
solutions that might be relevant both to BGP implementers and BGP
operators.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-6" href="#section-6">6</a>. IANA Considerations</span>
IANA has created the registry "BGP Finite State Machine Error
Subcodes", within the "BGP Error Subcodes" registry, with a
Registration Procedure of "Standards Action" as defined in [<a href="./rfc5226" title="">RFC5226</a>]
(early allocation of such subcodes is allowed, in accordance with
[<a href="./rfc4020" title=""Early IANA Allocation of Standards Track Code Points"">RFC4020</a>]).
The registry has been populated with the following values:
Value Name
0 Unspecified Error
1 Receive Unexpected Message in OpenSent State
2 Receive Unexpected Message in OpenConfirm State
3 Receive Unexpected Message in Established State
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<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-7" href="#section-7">7</a>. Contributors</span>
The following individuals contributed to this document:
Xiaoming Gu
EMail: [email protected]
Chong Wang
EMail: [email protected]
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-8" href="#section-8">8</a>. Acknowledgements</span>
The authors would like to thank John Scudder, Jeffrey Haas, Susan
Hares, Keyur Patel, Enke Chen, Ruediger Volk, and Ran Atkinson for
their valuable suggestions and comments to this document.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-9" href="#section-9">9</a>. References</span>
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-9.1" href="#section-9.1">9.1</a>. Normative References</span>
[<a id="ref-RFC2119">RFC2119</a>] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/bcp/bcp14">BCP 14</a>, <a href="./rfc2119">RFC 2119</a>, March 1997.
[<a id="ref-RFC4020">RFC4020</a>] Kompella, K. and A. Zinin, "Early IANA Allocation of
Standards Track Code Points", <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/bcp/bcp100">BCP 100</a>, <a href="./rfc4020">RFC 4020</a>, February
2005.
[<a id="ref-RFC4271">RFC4271</a>] Rekhter, Y., Ed., Li, T., Ed., and S. Hares, Ed., "A
Border Gateway Protocol 4 (BGP-4)", <a href="./rfc4271">RFC 4271</a>, January
2006.
[<a id="ref-RFC5226">RFC5226</a>] Narten, T. and H. Alvestrand, "Guidelines for Writing an
IANA Considerations Section in RFCs", <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/bcp/bcp26">BCP 26</a>, <a href="./rfc5226">RFC 5226</a>,
May 2008.
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-9.2" href="#section-9.2">9.2</a>. Informative References</span>
[<a id="ref-BFMR2010">BFMR2010</a>] Butler, K., Farley, T., Mcdaniel, P., and J. Rexford, "A
Survey of BGP Security Issues and Solutions", January
2010.
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Authors' Addresses
Jie Dong
Huawei Technologies
Huawei Building, No.156 Beiqing Rd
Beijing 100095
China
EMail: [email protected]
Mach Chen
Huawei Technologies
Huawei Building, No.156 Beiqing Rd
Beijing 100095
China
EMail: [email protected]
Anantharamu Suryanarayana
Cisco Systems
USA
EMail: [email protected]
Dong, et al. Standards Track [Page 5]
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