6728
PROPOSED STANDARD
Configuration Data Model for the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) and Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocols
Authors: G. Muenz, B. Claise, P. Aitken
Date: October 2012
Area: ops
Working Group: ipfix
Stream: IETF
Abstract
This document specifies a data model for the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) and Packet Sampling (PSAMP) protocols. It is for configuring and monitoring Selection Processes, Caches, Exporting Processes, and Collecting Processes of IPFIX- and PSAMP-compliant Monitoring Devices using the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF). The data model is defined using UML (Unified Modeling Language) class diagrams and formally specified using YANG. The configuration data is encoded in Extensible Markup Language (XML). [STANDARDS-TRACK]
RFC 6728
PROPOSED STANDARD
Errata Exist
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) G. Muenz
Request for Comments: 6728 TU Muenchen
Category: Standards Track B. Claise
ISSN: 2070-1721 P. Aitken
Cisco Systems, Inc.
October 2012
<span class="h1">Configuration Data Model for the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)</span>
<span class="h1">and Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocols</span>
Abstract
This document specifies a data model for the IP Flow Information
Export (IPFIX) and Packet Sampling (PSAMP) protocols. It is for
configuring and monitoring Selection Processes, Caches, Exporting
Processes, and Collecting Processes of IPFIX- and PSAMP-compliant
Monitoring Devices using the Network Configuration Protocol
(NETCONF). The data model is defined using UML (Unified Modeling
Language) class diagrams and formally specified using YANG. The
configuration data is encoded in Extensible Markup Language (XML).
Status of This Memo
This is an Internet Standards Track document.
This document is a product of the Internet Engineering Task Force
(IETF). It represents the consensus of the IETF community. It has
received public review and has been approved for publication by the
Internet Engineering Steering Group (IESG). Further information on
Internet Standards is available in <a href="./rfc5741#section-2">Section 2 of RFC 5741</a>.
Information about the current status of this document, any errata,
and how to provide feedback on it may be obtained at
<a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6728">http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6728</a>.
Copyright Notice
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the
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Table of Contents
<a href="#section-1">1</a>. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-3">3</a>
<a href="#section-1.1">1.1</a>. IPFIX Documents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-4">4</a>
<a href="#section-1.2">1.2</a>. PSAMP Documents Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-5">5</a>
<a href="#section-2">2</a>. Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-5">5</a>
<a href="#section-3">3</a>. Structure of the Configuration Data Model . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-7">7</a>
3.1. Metering Process Decomposition in Selection Process
and Cache . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-8">8</a>
<a href="#section-3.2">3.2</a>. UML Representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-10">10</a>
<a href="#section-3.3">3.3</a>. Exporter Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-15">15</a>
<a href="#section-3.4">3.4</a>. Collector Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-17">17</a>
<a href="#section-4">4</a>. Configuration Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-18">18</a>
<a href="#section-4.1">4.1</a>. ObservationPoint Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-18">18</a>
<a href="#section-4.2">4.2</a>. SelectionProcess Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-20">20</a>
<a href="#section-4.2.1">4.2.1</a>. Selector Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-21">21</a>
<a href="#section-4.2.2">4.2.2</a>. Sampler Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-22">22</a>
<a href="#section-4.2.3">4.2.3</a>. Filter Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-23">23</a>
<a href="#section-4.3">4.3</a>. Cache Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-25">25</a>
<a href="#section-4.3.1">4.3.1</a>. ImmediateCache Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-26">26</a>
4.3.2. TimeoutCache, NaturalCache, and PermanentCache
Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-27">27</a>
<a href="#section-4.3.3">4.3.3</a>. CacheLayout Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-29">29</a>
<a href="#section-4.4">4.4</a>. ExportingProcess Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-32">32</a>
<a href="#section-4.4.1">4.4.1</a>. SctpExporter Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-34">34</a>
<a href="#section-4.4.2">4.4.2</a>. UdpExporter Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-36">36</a>
<a href="#section-4.4.3">4.4.3</a>. TcpExporter Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-37">37</a>
<a href="#section-4.4.4">4.4.4</a>. FileWriter Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-38">38</a>
<a href="#section-4.4.5">4.4.5</a>. Options Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-39">39</a>
<a href="#section-4.5">4.5</a>. CollectingProcess Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-41">41</a>
<a href="#section-4.5.1">4.5.1</a>. SctpCollector Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-42">42</a>
<a href="#section-4.5.2">4.5.2</a>. UdpCollector Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-43">43</a>
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<a href="#section-4.5.3">4.5.3</a>. TcpCollector Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-44">44</a>
<a href="#section-4.5.4">4.5.4</a>. FileReader Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-45">45</a>
<a href="#section-4.6">4.6</a>. Transport Layer Security Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-46">46</a>
<a href="#section-4.7">4.7</a>. Transport Session Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-49">49</a>
<a href="#section-4.8">4.8</a>. Template Class . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-53">53</a>
<a href="#section-5">5</a>. Adaptation to Device Capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-54">54</a>
<a href="#section-6">6</a>. YANG Module of the IPFIX/PSAMP Configuration Data Model . . . <a href="#page-57">57</a>
<a href="#section-7">7</a>. Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-104">104</a>
<a href="#section-7.1">7.1</a>. PSAMP Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-104">104</a>
<a href="#section-7.2">7.2</a>. IPFIX Device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-115">115</a>
<a href="#section-7.3">7.3</a>. Export of Flow Records and Packet Reports . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-118">118</a>
<a href="#section-7.4">7.4</a>. Collector and File Writer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-121">121</a>
<a href="#section-7.5">7.5</a>. Deviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-122">122</a>
<a href="#section-8">8</a>. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-122">122</a>
<a href="#section-9">9</a>. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-124">124</a>
<a href="#section-10">10</a>. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-125">125</a>
<a href="#section-11">11</a>. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-125">125</a>
<a href="#section-11.1">11.1</a>. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-125">125</a>
<a href="#section-11.2">11.2</a>. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <a href="#page-126">126</a>
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-1" href="#section-1">1</a>. Introduction</span>
IPFIX- and PSAMP-compliant Monitoring Devices (routers, switches,
monitoring probes, Collectors, etc.) offer various configuration
possibilities that allow adapting network monitoring to the goals and
purposes of the application, such as accounting and charging, traffic
analysis, performance monitoring, and security monitoring. The use
of a common vendor-independent configuration data model for IPFIX-
and PSAMP-compliant Monitoring Devices facilitates network management
and configuration, especially if Monitoring Devices of different
implementers or manufacturers are deployed simultaneously. On the
one hand, a vendor-independent configuration data model helps to
store and manage the configuration data of Monitoring Devices in a
consistent format. On the other hand, it can be used for local and
remote configuration of Monitoring Devices.
The purpose of this document is the specification of a vendor-
independent configuration data model that covers the commonly
available configuration parameters of Selection Processes, Caches,
Exporting Processes, and Collecting Processes. In addition, it
includes common states parameters of a Monitoring Device. The
configuration data model is defined using UML (Unified Modeling
Language) class diagrams [<a href="#ref-UML" title=""OMG Unified Modeling Language (OMG UML), Superstructure, V2.2"">UML</a>], while the actual configuration data
is encoded in Extensible Markup Language (XML)
[<a href="#ref-W3C.REC-xml-20081126">W3C.REC-xml-20081126</a>]. An XML document conforming to the
configuration data model contains the configuration data of one
Monitoring Device.
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The configuration data model is designed for use with the NETCONF
protocol [<a href="./rfc6241" title=""Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)"">RFC6241</a>] in order to configure remote Monitoring Devices.
With the NETCONF protocol, it is possible to transfer a complete set
of configuration data to a Monitoring Device, to query the current
configuration and state parameters of a Monitoring Device, and to
change specific parameter values of an existing Monitoring Device
configuration.
In order to ensure compatibility with the NETCONF protocol [<a href="./rfc6241" title=""Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)"">RFC6241</a>],
YANG [<a href="./rfc6020" title=""YANG - A Data Modeling Language for the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)"">RFC6020</a>] is used to formally specify the configuration data
model. If required, the YANG specification of the configuration data
model can be converted into XML Schema language
[<a href="#ref-W3C.REC-xmlschema-0-20041028">W3C.REC-xmlschema-0-20041028</a>] or DSDL (Document Schema Definition
Languages) [<a href="./rfc6110" title=""Mapping YANG to Document Schema Definition Languages and Validating NETCONF Content"">RFC6110</a>], for example, by using the pyang tool
[<a href="#ref-YANG-WEB">YANG-WEB</a>]. YANG provides mechanisms to adapt the configuration data
model to device-specific constraints and to augment the model with
additional device-specific or vendor-specific parameters.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT",
"SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this
document are to be interpreted as described in [<a href="./rfc2119" title=""Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels"">RFC2119</a>].
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-1.1" href="#section-1.1">1.1</a>. IPFIX Documents Overview</span>
The IPFIX protocol [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>] provides network administrators with
access to IP Flow information. The architecture for the export of
measured IP Flow information out of an IPFIX Exporting Process to a
Collecting Process is defined in [<a href="./rfc5470" title=""Architecture for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC5470</a>], per the requirements
defined in [<a href="./rfc3917" title=""Requirements for IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)"">RFC3917</a>]. The IPFIX protocol [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>] specifies how
IPFIX Data Records and Templates are carried via a number of
transport protocols from IPFIX Exporting Processes to IPFIX
Collecting Process. IPFIX has a formal description of IPFIX
Information Elements, their name, type, and additional semantic
information, as specified in [<a href="./rfc5102" title=""Information Model for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC5102</a>]. [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>] specifies the
IPFIX Management Information Base, consisting of the IPFIX MIB module
and the IPFIX SELECTOR MIB module. Finally, [<a href="./rfc5472" title=""IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Applicability"">RFC5472</a>] describes what
type of applications can use the IPFIX protocol and how they can use
the information provided. It furthermore shows how the IPFIX
framework relates to other architectures and frameworks. Methods for
efficient export of bidirectional Flow information and common
properties in Data Records are specified in [<a href="./rfc5103" title=""Bidirectional Flow Export Using IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)"">RFC5103</a>] and [<a href="./rfc5473" title=""Reducing Redundancy in IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) and Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Reports"">RFC5473</a>],
respectively. [<a href="./rfc5610" title=""Exporting Type Information for IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Information Elements"">RFC5610</a>] addresses the export of extended type
information for enterprise-specific Information Elements. The
storage of IPFIX Messages in a file is specified in [<a href="./rfc5655" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) File Format"">RFC5655</a>].
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<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-1.2" href="#section-1.2">1.2</a>. PSAMP Documents Overview</span>
The framework for packet selection and reporting [<a href="./rfc5474" title=""A Framework for Packet Selection and Reporting"">RFC5474</a>] enables
network elements to select subsets of packets by statistical and
other methods, and to export a stream of reports on the selected
packets to a Collector. The set of packet selection techniques
(Sampling, Filtering, and hashing) standardized by PSAMP is described
in [<a href="./rfc5475" title=""Sampling and Filtering Techniques for IP Packet Selection"">RFC5475</a>]. The PSAMP protocol [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>] specifies the export of
packet information from a PSAMP Exporting Process to a PSAMP
Collector. Instead of exporting PSAMP Packet Reports, the stream of
selected packets may also serve as input to the generation of IPFIX
Flow Records. Like IPFIX, PSAMP has a formal description of its
Information Elements, their name, type, and additional semantic
information. The PSAMP information model is defined in [<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>].
[<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>] specifies the PSAMP MIB module as an extension of the IPFIX
SELECTOR MIB module defined in [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-2" href="#section-2">2</a>. Terminology</span>
This document adopts the terminologies used in [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>], [<a href="./rfc5103" title=""Bidirectional Flow Export Using IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)"">RFC5103</a>],
[<a href="./rfc5655" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) File Format"">RFC5655</a>], and [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>]. As in these documents, all specific terms
have the first letter of a word capitalized when used in this
document. The following listing indicates in which references the
definitions of those terms that are commonly used throughout this
document can be found:
o Definitions adopted from [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>]:
* Collection Process
* Collector
* Data Record
* Exporter
* Flow
* Flow Key
* Flow Record
* Information Element
* IPFIX Device
* IPFIX Message
* Observation Domain
* Observation Point
* (Options) Template
o Definitions adopted from [<a href="./rfc5103" title=""Bidirectional Flow Export Using IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)"">RFC5103</a>]:
* Reverse Information Element
o Definitions adopted from [<a href="./rfc5655" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) File Format"">RFC5655</a>]:
* File Reader
* File Writer
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o Definitions adopted from [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>]:
* Filtering
* Observed Packet Stream
* Packet Report
* PSAMP Device
* Sampling
* Selection Process
* Selection Sequence
* Selection Sequence Report Interpretation
* Selection Sequence Statistics Report Interpretation
* Selection State
* Selector, Primitive Selector, Composite Selector
* Selector Report Interpretation
The terms Metering Process and Exporting Process have different
definitions in [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>] and [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>]. In the scope of this
document, these terms are used according to the following
definitions, which cover the deployment in both PSAMP Devices and
IPFIX Devices:
Metering Process
The Metering Process generates IPFIX Flow Records or PSAMP Packet
Reports, depending on its deployment as part of an IPFIX Device or
PSAMP Device. Inputs to the process are packets observed at one
or more Observation Points, as well as characteristics describing
the packet treatment at these Observation Points. If IPFIX Flow
Records are generated, the Metering Process MUST NOT aggregate
packets observed at different Observation Domains in the same
Flow. The function of the Metering Process is split into two
functional blocks: Selection Process and Cache.
Exporting Process
Depending on its deployment as part of an IPFIX Device or PSAMP
Device, the Exporting Process sends IPFIX Flow Records or PSAMP
Packet Reports to one or more Collecting Processes. The IPFIX
Flow Records or PSAMP Packet Reports are generated by one or more
Metering Processes.
In addition to the existing IPFIX and PSAMP terminology, the
following terms are defined:
Cache
The Cache is a functional block in a Metering Process that
generates IPFIX Flow Records or PSAMP Packet Reports from a
Selected Packet Stream, in accordance with its configuration. If
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Flow Records are generated, the Cache performs tasks like creating
new records, updating existing ones, computing Flow statistics,
deriving further Flow properties, detecting Flow expiration,
passing Flow Records to the Exporting Process, and deleting Flow
Records. If Packet Reports are generated, the Cache performs
tasks like extracting packet contents and derived packet
properties from the Selected Packet Stream, creating new records,
and passing them as Packet Reports to the Exporting Process.
Cache Layout
The Cache Layout defines the superset of fields that are included
in the Packet Reports or Flow Records maintained by the Cache.
The fields are specified by the corresponding Information
Elements. In general, the largest possible subset of the
specified fields is derived for every Packet Report or Flow
Record. More specific rules about which fields must be included
are given in <a href="#section-4.3.3">Section 4.3.3</a>.
Monitoring Device
A Monitoring Device implements at least one of the functional
blocks specified in the context of IPFIX or PSAMP. In particular,
the term Monitoring Device encompasses Exporters, Collectors,
IPFIX Devices, and PSAMP Devices.
Selected Packet Stream
The Selected Packet Stream is the set of all packets selected by a
Selection Process.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-3" href="#section-3">3</a>. Structure of the Configuration Data Model</span>
The IPFIX reference model in [<a href="./rfc5470" title=""Architecture for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC5470</a>] describes Metering Processes,
Exporting Processes, and Collecting Processes as functional blocks of
IPFIX Devices. The PSAMP framework [<a href="./rfc5474" title=""A Framework for Packet Selection and Reporting"">RFC5474</a>] provides the
corresponding information for PSAMP Devices and introduces the
Selection Process as a functional block within Metering Processes.
In <a href="#section-2">Section 2</a> of the document, the Cache is defined as another
functional block within Metering Processes. Further explanations
about the relationship between Selection Process and Cache are given
in <a href="#section-3.1">Section 3.1</a>. IPFIX File Reader and File Writer are defined as
specific kinds of Exporting and Collecting Processes in [<a href="./rfc5655" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) File Format"">RFC5655</a>].
Monitoring Device implementations usually maintain the separation of
various functional blocks, although they do not necessarily implement
all of them. Furthermore, they provide various configuration
possibilities; some of them are specified as mandatory by the IPFIX
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protocol [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>] or PSAMP protocol [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>]. The configuration
data model enables the setting of commonly available configuration
parameters for Selection Processes, Caches, Exporting Processes, and
Collecting Processes. In addition, it allows specifying the
composition of functional blocks within a Monitoring Device
configuration and their linkage with Observation Points.
The selection of parameters in the configuration data model is based
on configuration issues discussed in the IPFIX and PSAMP documents
[<a href="./rfc3917" title=""Requirements for IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)"">RFC3917</a>], [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>], [<a href="./rfc5470" title=""Architecture for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC5470</a>], [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>], [<a href="./rfc5474" title=""A Framework for Packet Selection and Reporting"">RFC5474</a>], and [<a href="./rfc5475" title=""Sampling and Filtering Techniques for IP Packet Selection"">RFC5475</a>].
Furthermore, the structure and content of the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>] and the PSAMP MIB module [<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>] have been taken into
consideration. Consistency between the configuration data model and
the IPFIX and PSAMP MIB modules is an intended goal. Therefore,
parameters in the configuration data model are named according to
corresponding managed objects. Certain IPFIX MIB objects containing
state data have been adopted as state parameters in the configuration
data model. State parameters cannot be configured, yet their values
can be queried from the Monitoring Device by a network manager.
<a href="#section-3.2">Section 3.2</a> explains how UML class diagrams are deployed to
illustrate the structure of the configuration data model.
Thereafter, <a href="#section-3.3">Section 3.3</a> and <a href="#section-3.4">Section 3.4</a> explain the class diagrams
for the configuration of Exporters and Collectors, respectively.
Each of the presented classes contains specific configuration
parameters that are specified in <a href="#section-4">Section 4</a>. <a href="#section-5">Section 5</a> gives a short
introduction to YANG concepts that allow adapting the configuration
data model to the capabilities of a device. The formal definition of
the configuration data model in YANG is given in <a href="#section-6">Section 6</a>.
<a href="#section-7">Section 7</a> illustrates the usage of the model with example
configurations in XML.
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-3.1" href="#section-3.1">3.1</a>. Metering Process Decomposition in Selection Process and Cache</span>
In a Monitoring Device implementation, the functionality of the
Metering Process is commonly split into packet Sampling and Filtering
functions performed by Selection Processes, and the maintenance of
Flow Records and Packet Reports is performed by a Cache. Figure 1
illustrates this separation with the example of a basic Metering
Process.
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+-----------------------------------+
| Metering Process |
| +-----------+ Selected |
Observed | | Selection | Packet +-------+ | Stream of
Packet -->| Process |---------->| Cache |--> Flow Records or
Stream | +-----------+ Stream +-------+ | Packet Reports
+-----------------------------------+
Figure 1: Selection Process and Cache forming a Metering Process
The configuration data model adopts the separation of Selection
Processes and Caches in order to support the flexible configuration
and combination of these functional blocks. As defined in [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>],
the Selection Process takes an Observed Packet Stream as its input
and selects a subset of that stream as its output (Selected Packet
Stream). The action of the Selection Process on a single packet of
its input is defined by one Selector (called a Primitive Selector) or
an ordered composition of multiple Selectors (called a Composite
Selector). The Cache generates Flow Records or Packet Reports from
the Selected Packet Stream, depending on its configuration.
The configuration data model does not allow configuring a Metering
Process without any Selection Process in front of the Cache. If all
packets in the Observed Packet Stream shall be selected and passed to
the Cache without any Filtering or Sampling, a Selection Process
needs to be configured with a Selector that selects all packets
("SelectAll" class in <a href="#section-4.2.1">Section 4.2.1</a>).
The configuration data model enables the configuration of a Selection
Process that receives packets from multiple Observation Points as its
input. In this case, the Observed Packet Streams of the Observation
Points are processed in independent Selection Sequences. As
specified in [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>], a distinct set of Selector instances needs to
be maintained per Selection Sequence in order to keep the Selection
States and statistics separate.
With the configuration data model, it is possible to configure a
Metering Process with more than one Selection Processes whose output
is processed by a single Cache. This is illustrated in Figure 2.
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+-------------------------------------+
| Metering Process |
| +-----------+ Selected |
Observed | | Selection | Packet |
Packet -->| Process |----------+ +-------+ |
Stream | +-----------+ Stream +->| | | Stream of
| ... | Cache |--> Flow Records or
| +-----------+ Selected +->| | | Packet Reports
Observed | | Selection | Packet | +-------+ |
Packet -->| Process |----------+ |
Stream | +-----------+ Stream |
+-------------------------------------+
Figure 2: Metering Process with multiple Selection Processes
The Observed Packet Streams at the input of a Metering Process may
originate from Observation Points belonging to different Observation
Domains. By definition of the Observation Domain (see [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>]),
however, a Cache MUST NOT aggregate packets observed at different
Observation Domains in the same Flow. Hence, if the Cache is
configured to generate Flow Records, it needs to distinguish packets
according to their Observation Domains.
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-3.2" href="#section-3.2">3.2</a>. UML Representation</span>
We use UML class diagrams [<a href="#ref-UML" title=""OMG Unified Modeling Language (OMG UML), Superstructure, V2.2"">UML</a>] to explain the structure of the
configuration data model. The attributes of the classes are the
configuration or state parameters. The configuration and state
parameters of a given Monitoring Device are represented as objects of
these classes encoded in XML.
+------------------------------+
| SctpExporter |
+------------------------------+ 0..1 +------------------------+
| name |<>-------| TransportLayerSecurity |
| ipfixVersion = 10 | +------------------------+
| sourceIPAddress[0..*] |
| destinationIPAddress[1..*] | 0..1 +------------------------+
| destinationPort = 4739|4740 |<>-------| TransportSession |
| ifName/ifIndex[0..1] | +------------------------+
| sendBufferSize {opt.} |
| rateLimit[0..1] |
| timedReliability = 0 |
+------------------------------+
Figure 3: UML example: SctpExporter class
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As an example, Figure 3 shows the UML diagram of the SctpExporter
class, which is specified in more detail in <a href="#section-4.4.1">Section 4.4.1</a>. The upper
box contains the name of the class. The lower box lists the
attributes of the class. Each attribute corresponds to a parameter
of the configuration data model.
Behind an attribute's name, there may appear a multiplicity indicator
in brackets (i.e., between "[" and "]"). An attribute with
multiplicity indicator "[0..1]" represents an OPTIONAL configuration
parameter that is only included in the configuration data if the user
configures it. Typically, the absence of an OPTIONAL parameter has a
specific meaning. For example, not configuring rateLimit in an
object of the SctpExporter class means that no rate limiting will be
applied to the exported data. In YANG, an OPTIONAL parameter is
specified as a "leaf" without "mandatory true" substatement. The
"description" substatement specifies the behavior for the case that
the parameter is not configured.
The multiplicity indicator "[0..*]" means that this parameter is
OPTIONAL and MAY be configured multiple times with different values.
In the example, multiple source IP addresses (sourceIPAddress) may be
configured for a multihomed Exporting Process. In YANG, an attribute
with multiplicity indicator "[0..*]" corresponds to a "leaf-list".
The multiplicity indicator "[1..*]" means that this parameter MUST be
configured at least once and MAY be configured multiple times with
different values. In the example, one or more destination IP
addresses (destinationIPAddress) must be configured to specify the
export destination. In YANG, an attribute with multiplicity
indicator "[1..*]" corresponds to a "leaf-list" with "min-elements 1"
substatement. Note that attributes without this multiplicity
indicator MUST NOT appear more than once in each object of the class.
Attributes without multiplicity indicator may be endued with a
default value that is indicated behind the equality symbol ("="). If
a default value exists, the parameter does not have to be explicitly
configured by the user. If the parameter is not configured by the
user, the Monitoring Device MUST use the specified default value for
the given parameter. In the example, IPFIX version 10 must be used
unless a different value is configured for ipfixVersion. In YANG, an
attribute with default value corresponds to a "leaf" with "default"
substatement.
In the example, there exist two default values for the destination
port (destinationPort) -- namely, the registered ports for IPFIX with
and without transport layer security (i.e., DTLS or TLS), which are
4740 and 4739, respectively. In the UML diagram, the two default
values are separated by a vertical bar ("|"). In YANG, such
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conditional default value alternatives cannot be specified formally.
Instead, they are defined in the "description" substatement of the
"leaf".
Further attribute properties are denoted in braces (i.e., between "{"
and "}"). An attribute with property "{opt.}", such as
sendBufferSize in the SctpExporter class, represents a parameter that
MAY be configured by the user. If not configured by the user, the
Monitoring Device MUST set an appropriate value for this parameter at
configuration time. As a result, the parameter will always exist in
the configuration data, yet it is not mandatory for the user to
configure it. This behavior can be implemented as a static device-
specific default value, but does not have to be. Therefore, the user
MUST NOT expect that the device always sets the same values for the
same parameter. Regardless of whether the parameter value has been
configured by the user or set by the device, the parameter value MUST
NOT be changed by the device after configuration. Since this
behavior cannot be specified formally in YANG, it is specified in the
"description" substatement of the "leaf".
The availability of a parameter may depend on another parameter
value. In the UML diagram, such restrictions are indicated as
attribute properties (e.g., "{SCTP only}"). The given example does
not show such restrictions. In YANG, the availability of a parameter
is formally restricted with the "when" substatement of the "leaf".
Another attribute property not shown in the example is "{readOnly}",
which specifies state parameters that cannot be configured. In YANG,
this corresponds to the "config false" substatement.
Attributes without multiplicity indicator, without default value, and
without "{readOnly}" property are mandatory configuration parameters.
These parameters MUST be configured by the user unless an attribute
property determines that the parameter is not available. In YANG, a
mandatory parameter corresponds to a "leaf" with "mandatory true"
substatement. In the example, the user MUST configure the name
parameter.
If some parameters are related to each other, it makes sense to group
these parameters in a subclass. This is especially useful if
different subclasses represent choices of different parameter sets,
or if the parameters of a subclass may appear multiple times. For
example, the SctpExporter class MAY contain the parameters of the
TransportLayerSecurity subclass.
An object of a class is encoded as an XML element. In order to
distinguish between classes and objects, class names start with an
uppercase character while the associated XML elements start with
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lowercase characters. Parameters appear as XML elements that are
nested in the XML element of the object. In XML, the parameters of
an object can appear in any order and do not have to follow the order
in the UML class diagram. Unless specified differently, the order in
which parameters appear does not have a meaning. As an example, an
object of the SctpExporter class corresponds to one occurrence of
<sctpExporter>
<name>my-sctp-export</name>
...
</sctpExporter>
There are various possibilities how objects of classes can be related
to each other. In the scope of this document, we use two different
types of relationship between objects: aggregation and unidirectional
association. In UML class diagrams, two different arrow types are
used as shown in Figure 4.
+---+ 0..* +---+ +---+ 0..* 1 +---+
| A |<>------| B | | A |-------->| B |
+---+ +---+ +---+ +---+
(a) Aggregation (b) Unidirectional association
Figure 4: Class relationships in UML class diagrams
Aggregation means that one object is part of the other object. In
Figure 4 (a), an object of class B is part of an object of class A.
This corresponds to nested XML elements:
<a>
<b>
...
</b>
...
</a>
In the example, objects of the TransportLayerSecurity class and the
TransportSession class appear as nested XML elements
<transportLayerSecurity> and <transportSession> within an object of
the SctpExporter class <sctpExporter>.
A unidirectional association is a reference to an object. In
Figure 4(b), an object of class A contains a reference to an object
of class B. This corresponds to separate XML elements that are not
nested. To distinguish different objects of class B, class B must
have a key. In the configuration data model, keys are string
parameters called "name", corresponding to XML elements <name>. The
names MUST be unique within the given XML subtree. The reference to
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a specific object of class B is encoded with an XML element <b>,
which contains the name of an object. If an object of class A refers
to the object of class B with name "foo", this looks as follows:
<a>
...
<b>foo</b>
...
</a>
<b>
<name>foo</name>
...
</b>
In Figure 4, the indicated numbers define the multiplicity:
"1": one only
"0..*": zero or more
"1..*": one or more
In the case of aggregation, the multiplicity indicates how many
objects of one class may be included in one object of the other
class. In Figure 4(a), an object of class A may contain an arbitrary
number of objects of class B. In the case of unidirectional
association, the multiplicity at the arrowhead specifies the number
of objects of a given class that may be referred to. The
multiplicity at the arrow tail specifies how many different objects
of one class may refer to a single object of the other class. In
Figure 4(b), an object of class A refers to single object of class B.
One object of class B can be referred to from an arbitrary number of
objects of class A.
Similar to classes that are referenced in UML associations, classes
that contain configuration parameters and that occur in an
aggregation relationship with multiplicity greater than one must have
a key. This key is necessary because every configuration parameter
must be addressable in order to manipulate or delete it. The key
values MUST be unique in the given XML subtree (i.e., unique within
the aggregating object). Hence, if class B in Figure 4(a) contains a
configuration parameter, all objects of class B belonging to the same
object of class A must have different key values. Again, the key
appears as an attribute called "name" in the concerned classes.
A class that contains state parameters but no configuration
parameters, such as the Template class (see <a href="#section-4.8">Section 4.8</a>), does not
have a key. This is because state parameters cannot be manipulated
or deleted, and therefore do not need to be addressable.
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Note that the usage of keys as described above is required by YANG
[<a href="./rfc6020" title=""YANG - A Data Modeling Language for the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)"">RFC6020</a>], which mandates the existence of a key for elements that
appear in a list of configuration data.
The configuration data model for IPFIX and PSAMP makes use of
unidirectional associations to specify the data flow between
different functional blocks. For example, if the output of a
Selection Process is processed by a Cache, this corresponds to an
object of the SelectionProcess class that contains a reference to an
object of the Cache class. The configuration data model does not
mandate that such a reference exists for every functional block that
has an output. If such a reference is absent, the output is dropped
without any further processing. Although such configurations are
incomplete, we do not consider them invalid as they may temporarily
occur if a Monitoring Device is configured in multiple steps. Also,
it might be useful to pre-configure certain functions of a Monitoring
Device in order to be able to switch to a new configuration more
quickly.
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-3.3" href="#section-3.3">3.3</a>. Exporter Configuration</span>
Figure 5 below shows the main classes of the configuration data model
that are involved in the configuration of an IPFIX or PSAMP Exporter.
The role of the classes can be briefly summarized as follows:
o The ObservationPoint class specifies an Observation Point (i.e.,
an interface or linecard) of the Monitoring Device at which
packets are captured for traffic measurements. An object of the
ObservationPoint class may be associated with one or more objects
of the SelectionProcess class configuring Selection Processes that
process the observed packets in parallel. As long as an
ObservationPoint object is specified without any references to
SelectionProcess objects, the captured packets are not considered
by any Metering Process.
o The SelectionProcess class contains the configuration and state
parameters of a Selection Process. The Selection Process may be
composed of a single Selector or a sequence of Selectors, defining
a Primitive or Composite Selector, respectively.
The Selection Process selects packets from one or more Observed
Packet Streams, each originating from a different Observation
Point. Therefore, a SelectionProcess object MAY be referred to
from one or more ObservationPoint objects.
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A Selection Process MAY pass the Selected Packet Stream to a
Cache. Therefore, the SelectionProcess class contains a reference
to an object of the Cache class. If a Selection Process is
configured without any reference to a Cache, the selected packets
are not accounted in any Packet Report or Flow Record.
o The Cache class contains configuration and state parameters of a
Cache. A Cache may receive the output of one or more Selection
Processes and maintains corresponding Packet Reports or Flow
Records. Therefore, an object of the Cache class MAY be referred
to from multiple SelectionProcess objects.
Configuration parameters of the Cache class specify the size of
the Cache, the Cache Layout, and expiration parameters if
applicable. The Cache configuration also determines whether
Packet Reports or Flow Records are generated.
A Cache MAY pass its output to one or more Exporting Processes.
Therefore, the Cache class enables references to one or more
objects of the ExportingProcess class. If a Cache object does not
specify any reference to an ExportingProcess object, the Cache
output is dropped.
o The ExportingProcess class contains configuration and state
parameters of an Exporting Process. It includes various
transport-protocol-specific parameters and the export
destinations. An object of the ExportingProcess class MAY be
referred to from multiple objects of the Cache class.
An Exporting Process MAY be configured as a File Writer according
to [<a href="./rfc5655" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) File Format"">RFC5655</a>].
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+------------------+
| ObservationPoint |
+------------------+
0..* |
|
0..* V
+------------------+
| SelectionProcess |
+------------------+
0..* |
|
0..1 V
+------------------+
| Cache |
+------------------+
0..* |
|
0..* V
+------------------+
| ExportingProcess |
+------------------+
Figure 5: Class diagram of Exporter configuration
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-3.4" href="#section-3.4">3.4</a>. Collector Configuration</span>
Figure 6 below shows the main classes of the configuration data model
that are involved in the configuration of a Collector. An object of
the CollectingProcess class specifies the local IP addresses,
transport protocols, and port numbers of a Collecting Process.
Alternatively, the Collecting Process MAY be configured as a File
Reader according to [<a href="./rfc5655" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) File Format"">RFC5655</a>].
An object of the CollectingProcess class may refer to one or more
ExportingProcess objects configuring Exporting Processes that
reexport the received data. As an example, an Exporting Process can
be configured as a File Writer in order to save the received IPFIX
Messages in a file.
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+-------------------+
| CollectingProcess |
+-------------------+
0..* |
|
0..* V
+-------------------+
| ExportingProcess |
+-------------------+
Figure 6: Class diagram of Collector configuration
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-4" href="#section-4">4</a>. Configuration Parameters</span>
This section specifies the configuration and state parameters of the
configuration data model separately for each class.
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.1" href="#section-4.1">4.1</a>. ObservationPoint Class</span>
+-------------------------------+
| ObservationPoint |
+-------------------------------+
| name |
| observationPointId {readOnly} |
| observationDomainId | 0..*
| ifName[0..*] |-------------+
| ifIndex[0..*] | | 0..*
| entPhysicalName[0..*] | V
| entPhysicalIndex[0..*] | +------------------+
| direction = "both" | | SelectionProcess |
+-------------------------------+ +------------------+
Figure 7: ObservationPoint class
Figure 7 shows the ObservationPoint class that specifies an
Observation Point of the Monitoring Device.
As defined in [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>], an Observation Point can be any location
where packets are observed. A Monitoring Device potentially has more
than one such location. An instance of ObservationPoint class
defines which location is associated with a specific Observation
Point. For this purpose, interfaces and physical entities are
identified using their names. Alternatively, index values of the
corresponding entries in the ifTable (IF-MIB module [<a href="./rfc2863" title=""The Interfaces Group MIB"">RFC2863</a>]) or the
entPhysicalTable (ENTITY-MIB module [<a href="./rfc4133" title=""Entity MIB (Version 3)"">RFC4133</a>]) can be used as
identifiers. However, indices SHOULD only be used as identifiers if
an SNMP agent on the same Monitoring Device enables access to the
corresponding MIB tables.
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By its definition in [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>], an Observation Point may be
associated with a set of interfaces. Therefore, the configuration
data model allows configuring multiple interfaces and physical
entities for a single Observation Point.
The Observation Point ID (i.e., the value of the Information Element
observationPointId [<a href="#ref-IANA-IPFIX">IANA-IPFIX</a>]) is assigned by the Monitoring
Device. It appears as a state parameter in the ObservationPoint
class.
The configuration parameters of the Observation Point are:
observationDomainId: This parameter defines the identifier of the
Observation Domain the Observation Point belongs to. Observation
Points that are configured with the same Observation Domain ID
belong to the same Observation Domain.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixObservationPointObservationDomainId in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
ifName/ifIndex/entPhysicalName/entPhysicalIndex: These parameters
identify interfaces and physical entities (e.g., linecards) that
are on the Monitoring Device and are associated with the given
Observation Point.
An interface is either identified by its name (ifName) or the
ifIndex value of the corresponding object in the IF-MIB module
[<a href="./rfc2863" title=""The Interfaces Group MIB"">RFC2863</a>]. ifIndex SHOULD only be used if an SNMP agent enables
access to the ifTable.
Similarly, a physical entity is either identified by its name
(entPhysicalName) or the entPhysicalIndex value of the
corresponding object in the ENTITY-MIB module [<a href="./rfc4133" title=""Entity MIB (Version 3)"">RFC4133</a>].
entPhysicalIndex SHOULD only be used if an SNMP agent enables
access to the entPhysicalTable.
Note that the parameters ifIndex and entPhysicalIndex correspond
to ipfixObservationPointPhysicalInterface and
ipfixObservationPointPhysicalEntity in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
direction: This parameter specifies if ingress traffic, egress
traffic, or both ingress and egress traffic is captured, using the
values "ingress", "egress", and "both", respectively. If not
configured, ingress and egress traffic is captured (i.e., the
default value is "both"). If not applicable (e.g., in the case of
a sniffing interface in promiscuous mode), the value of this
parameter is ignored.
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An ObservationPoint object MAY refer to one or more SelectionProcess
objects configuring Selection Processes that process the observed
packets in parallel.
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2" href="#section-4.2">4.2</a>. SelectionProcess Class</span>
+------------------+
| SelectionProcess |
+------------------+ 1..* +----------+
| name |<>------| Selector |
| | +----------+
| |
| | 0..* +--------------------------------+
| |<>------| SelectionSequence |
| | +--------------------------------+
| | | observationDomainId {readOnly} |
| | | selectionSequenceId {readOnly} |
| | +--------------------------------+
| |
| | 0..* 0..1 +-------+
| |----------->| Cache |
+------------------+ +-------+
Figure 8: SelectionProcess class
Figure 8 shows the SelectionProcess class. The SelectionProcess
class contains the configuration and state parameters of a Selection
Process that selects packets from one or more Observed Packet Streams
and generates a Selected Packet Stream as its output. A non-empty
ordered list defines a sequence of Selectors. The actions defined by
the Selectors are applied to the stream of incoming packets in the
specified order.
If the Selection Process receives packets from multiple Observation
Points, the Observed Packet Streams need to be processed
independently in separate Selection Sequences. Each Selection
Sequence is identified by a Selection Sequence ID that is unique
within the Observation Domain the Observation Point belongs to (see
[<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>]). Selection Sequence IDs are assigned by the Monitoring
Device. As state parameters, the SelectionProcess class contains a
list of (observationDomainId, selectionSequenceId) tuples specifying
the assigned Selection Sequence IDs and corresponding Observation
Domain IDs. With this information, it is possible to associate
Selection Sequence (Statistics) Report Interpretations exported
according to the PSAMP protocol specification [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>] with the
corresponding object of the SelectionProcess class.
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A SelectionProcess object MAY include a reference to an object of the
Cache class to generate Packet Reports or Flow Records from the
Selected Packet Stream.
<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.1" href="#section-4.2.1">4.2.1</a>. Selector Class</span>
+--------------------------------------+
| Selector |
+--------------------------------------+ 1 +-----------------+
| name |<>------+ SelectAll/ |
| packetsObserved {readOnly} | | SampCountBased/ |
| packetsDropped {readOnly} | | SampTimeBased/ |
| selectorDiscontinuityTime {readOnly} | | SampRandOutOfN/ |
| | | SampUniProb/ |
| | | FilterMatch/ |
| | | FilterHash/ |
+--------------------------------------+ +-----------------+
Figure 9: Selector class
The Selector class in Figure 9 contains the configuration and state
parameters of a Selector. Standardized PSAMP Sampling and Filtering
methods are described in [<a href="./rfc5475" title=""Sampling and Filtering Techniques for IP Packet Selection"">RFC5475</a>]; their configuration parameters
are specified in the classes SampCountBased, SampTimeBased,
SampRandOutOfN, SampUniProb, FilterMatch, and FilterHash. In
addition, the SelectAll class, which has no parameters, is used for a
Selector that selects all packets. The Selector class includes
exactly one of these sampler and filter classes, depending on the
applied method.
As state parameters, the Selector class contains the Selector
statistics packetsObserved and packetsDropped as well as
selectorDiscontinuityTime, which correspond to the IPFIX MIB module
objects ipfixSelectionProcessStatsPacketsObserved,
ipfixSelectionProcessStatsPacketsDropped, and
ipfixSelectionProcessStatsDiscontinuityTime, respectively [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>]:
packetsObserved: The total number of packets observed at the input
of the Selector. If this is the first Selector in the Selection
Process, this counter corresponds to the total number of packets
in all Observed Packet Streams at the input of the Selection
Process. Otherwise, the counter corresponds to the total number
of packets at the output of the preceding Selector.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other times as
indicated by the value of selectorDiscontinuityTime.
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packetsDropped: The total number of packets discarded by the
Selector. Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur
at re-initialization of the management system, and at other times
as indicated by the value of selectorDiscontinuityTime.
selectorDiscontinuityTime: Timestamp of the most recent occasion at
which one or more of the Selector counters suffered a
discontinuity. In contrast to
ipfixSelectionProcessStatsDiscontinuityTime, the time is absolute
and not relative to sysUpTime.
Note that packetsObserved and packetsDropped are aggregate statistics
calculated over all Selection Sequences of the Selection Process.
This is in contrast to the counter values in the Selection Sequence
Statistics Report Interpretation [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>], which are related to a
single Selection Sequence only.
<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.2" href="#section-4.2.2">4.2.2</a>. Sampler Classes</span>
+----------------+ +----------------+ +----------------+
| SampCountBased | | SampTimeBased | | SampRandOutOfN |
+----------------+ +----------------+ +----------------+
| packetInterval | | timeInterval | | population |
| packetSpace | | timeSpace | | size |
+----------------+ +----------------+ +----------------+
+----------------+
| SampUniProb |
+----------------+
| probability |
+----------------+
Figure 10: Sampler classes
The Sampler classes in Figure 10 contain the configuration parameters
of specific Sampling algorithms:
packetInterval, packetSpace: For systematic count-based Sampling,
packetInterval defines the number of packets that are
consecutively sampled between gaps of length packetSpace. These
parameters correspond to the Information Elements
samplingPacketInterval and samplingPacketSpace [<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>], as well
as to the PSAMP MIB objects psampSampCountBasedInterval and
psampSampCountBasedSpace [<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>].
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timeInterval, timeSpace: For systematic time-based Sampling,
timeInterval defines the time interval during which all arriving
packets are sampled. timeSpace is the gap between two Sampling
intervals. These parameters correspond to the Information
Elements samplingTimeInterval and samplingTimeSpace [<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>], as
well as to the PSAMP MIB objects psampSampTimeBasedInterval and
psampSampTimeBasedSpace [<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>]. The unit is microseconds.
size, population: For n-out-of-N random Sampling, size defines the
number of elements taken from the parent population. population
defines the number of elements in the parent population. These
parameters correspond to the Information Elements samplingSize and
samplingPopulation [<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>], as well as to the PSAMP MIB objects
psampSampRandOutOfNSize and psampSampRandOutOfNPopulation
[<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>].
probability: For uniform probabilistic Sampling, probability defines
the Sampling probability. The probability is expressed as a value
between 0 and 1. This parameter corresponds to the Information
Element samplingProbability [<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>], as well as to the PSAMP MIB
object psampSampUniProbProbability [<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>].
<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.2.3" href="#section-4.2.3">4.2.3</a>. Filter Classes</span>
+---------------------------+
| FilterMatch |
+---------------------------+
| ieId/ieName |
| ieEnterpriseNumber = 0 |
| value |
+---------------------------+
+---------------------------+
| FilterHash |
+---------------------------+ 1..* +---------------+
| hashFunction = "BOB" |<>-------| SelectedRange |
| initializerValue[0..1] | +---------------+
| ipPayloadOffset = 0 | | name |
| ipPayloadSize = 8 | | min |
| digestOutput = "false" | | max |
| outputRangeMin {readOnly} | +---------------+
| outputRangeMax {readOnly} |
+---------------------------+
Figure 11: Filter classes
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The Filter classes in Figure 11 contain the configuration parameters
of specific Filtering methods. For property match Filtering, the
configuration parameters are:
ieId, ieName, ieEnterpriseNumber: The property to be matched is
specified by either ieId or ieName, specifying the identifier or
name of the Information Element, respectively. If
ieEnterpriseNumber is zero (which is the default), this
Information Element is registered in the IANA registry of IPFIX
Information Elements [<a href="#ref-IANA-IPFIX">IANA-IPFIX</a>]. A non-zero value of
ieEnterpriseNumber specifies an enterprise-specific Information
Element [<a href="#ref-IANA-ENTERPRISE-NUMBERS">IANA-ENTERPRISE-NUMBERS</a>].
value: Matching value.
For hash-based Filtering, the configuration and state parameters are:
hashFunction: Hash function to be used. The following parameter
values are defined by the configuration data model:
* BOB: BOB Hash Function as specified in <a href="./rfc5475#appendix-A.2">[RFC5475], Appendix A.2</a>
* IPSX: IP Shift-XOR (IPSX) Hash Function as specified in
<a href="./rfc5475#appendix-A.1">[RFC5475], Appendix A.1</a>
* CRC: CRC-32 function as specified in [<a href="./rfc1141" title=""Incremental updating of the Internet checksum"">RFC1141</a>]
Default value is "BOB". This parameter corresponds to the PSAMP
MIB object psampFiltHashFunction [<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>].
initializerValue: Initializer value to the hash function. This
parameter corresponds to the Information Element
hashInitialiserValue [<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>], as well as to the PSAMP MIB object
psampFiltHashInitializerValue [<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>]. If not configured by the
user, the Monitoring Device arbitrarily chooses an initializer
value.
ipPayloadOffset, ipPayloadSize: ipPayloadOffset and ipPayloadSize
configure the offset and the size of the payload section used as
input to the hash function. Default values are 0 and 8,
respectively, corresponding to the minimum configurable values
according to <a href="./rfc5476#section-6.5.2.6">[RFC5476], Section 6.5.2.6</a>. These parameters
correspond to the Information Elements hashIPPayloadOffset and
hashIPPayloadSize [<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>], as well as to the PSAMP MIB objects
psampFiltHashIpPayloadOffset and psampFiltHashIpPayloadSize
[<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>].
digestOutput: digestOutput enables or disables the inclusion of the
packet digest in the resulting PSAMP Packet Report. This requires
that the Cache Layout of the Cache generating the Packet Reports
includes a digestHashValue field. This parameter corresponds to
the Information Element hashDigestOutput [<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>].
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outputRangeMin, outputRangeMax: The values of these two state
parameters are the beginning and end of the hash function's
potential output range. These parameters correspond to the
Information Elements hashOutputRangeMin and hashOutputRangeMax
[<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>], as well as to the PSAMP MIB objects
psampFiltHashOutputRangeMin and psampFiltHashOutputRangeMax
[<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>].
One or more ranges of matching hash values are defined by the min and
max parameters of the SelectedRange subclass. These parameters
correspond to the Information Elements hashSelectedRangeMin and
hashSelectedRangeMax [<a href="./rfc5477" title=""Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports"">RFC5477</a>], as well as to the PSAMP MIB objects
psampFiltHashSelectedRangeMin and psampFiltHashSelectedRangeMax
[<a href="./rfc6727" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for Packet Sampling"">RFC6727</a>].
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.3" href="#section-4.3">4.3</a>. Cache Class</span>
+-----------------------------------+
| Cache |
+-----------------------------------+ 1 +------------------+
| name |<>--------| immediateCache/ |
| meteringProcessId {readOnly} | | timeoutCache/ |
| dataRecords {readOnly} | | naturalCache/ |
| cacheDiscontinuityTime {readOnly} | | permanentCache |
| | +------------------+
| |
| | 0..* +------------------+
| |--------->| ExportingProcess |
+-----------------------------------+ +------------------+
Figure 12: Cache class
Figure 12 shows the Cache class that contains the configuration and
state parameters of a Cache. Most of these parameters are specific
to the type of the Cache and therefore contained in the subclasses
immediateCache, timeoutCache, naturalCache, and permanentCache, which
are presented below in Sections <a href="#section-4.3.1">4.3.1</a> and <a href="#section-4.3.2">4.3.2</a>. The following three
state parameters are common to all Caches and therefore included in
the Cache class itself:
meteringProcessId: The identifier of the Metering Process the Cache
belongs to.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
meteringProcessId [<a href="#ref-IANA-IPFIX">IANA-IPFIX</a>]. Its occurrence helps to associate
Metering Process (Reliability) Statistics exported according to
the IPFIX protocol specification [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>] with the corresponding
object of the MeteringProcess class.
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dataRecords: The number of Data Records generated by this Cache.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other times as
indicated by the value of cacheDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessDataRecords in the IPFIX MIB module [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
cacheDiscontinuityTime: Timestamp of the most recent occasion at
which dataRecords suffered a discontinuity. In contrast to
ipfixMeteringProcessDiscontinuityTime, the time is absolute and
not relative to sysUpTime.
Note that this parameter functionally corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessDiscontinuityTime in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
A Cache object MAY refer to one or more ExportingProcess objects
configuring different Exporting Processes.
<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.3.1" href="#section-4.3.1">4.3.1</a>. ImmediateCache Class</span>
+-------------------------------+
| ImmediateCache |
+-------------------------------+ 1 +-------------+
| |<>-------| CacheLayout |
+-------------------------------+ +-------------+
Figure 13: ImmediateCache class
The ImmediateCache class depicted in Figure 13 is used to configure a
Cache that generates a PSAMP Packet Report for each packet at its
input. The fields contained in the generated Data Records are
defined in an object of the CacheLayout class, which is defined below
in <a href="#section-4.3.3">Section 4.3.3</a>.
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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.3.2" href="#section-4.3.2">4.3.2</a>. TimeoutCache, NaturalCache, and PermanentCache Class</span>
+-------------------------------+
| TimeoutCache |
+-------------------------------+ 1 +-------------+
| maxFlows {opt.} |<>-------| CacheLayout |
| activeTimeout {opt.} | +-------------+
| idleTimeout {opt.} |
| activeFlows {readOnly} |
| unusedCacheEntries {readOnly} |
+-------------------------------+
+-------------------------------+
| NaturalCache |
+-------------------------------+ 1 +-------------+
| maxFlows {opt.} |<>-------| CacheLayout |
| activeTimeout {opt.} | +-------------+
| idleTimeout {opt.} |
| activeFlows {readOnly} |
| unusedCacheEntries {readOnly} |
+-------------------------------+
+-------------------------------+
| PermanentCache |
+-------------------------------+ 1 +-------------+
| maxFlows {opt.} |<>-------| CacheLayout |
| exportInterval {opt.} | +-------------+
| activeFlows {readOnly} |
| unusedCacheEntries {readOnly} |
+-------------------------------+
Figure 14: TimeoutCache, NaturalCache, and PermanentCache class
Figure 14 shows the TimeoutCache class, the NaturalCache class, and
the PermanentCache class. These classes are used to configure a
Cache that aggregates the packets at its input and generates IPFIX
Flow Records. The three classes differ in when Flows expire:
o TimeoutCache: Flows expire after active or idle timeout.
o NaturalCache: Flows expire after active or idle timeout, or on
natural termination (e.g., TCP FIN or TCP RST) of the Flow.
o PermanentCache: Flows never expire, but are periodically exported
with the interval set by exportInterval.
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The following configuration and state parameters are common to the
three classes:
maxFlows: This parameter configures the maximum number of entries in
the Cache, which is the maximum number of Flows that can be
measured simultaneously.
If this parameter is configured, the Monitoring Device MUST ensure
that sufficient resources are available to store the configured
maximum number of Flows. If the maximum number of Cache entries
is in use, no additional Flows can be measured. However, traffic
that pertains to existing Flows can continue to be measured.
activeFlows: This state parameter indicates the number of Flows
currently active in this Cache (i.e., the number of Cache entries
currently in use).
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessCacheActiveFlows in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
unusedCacheEntries: The number of unused cache entries. Note that
the sum of activeFlows and unusedCacheEntries equals maxFlows if
maxFlows is configured.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessCacheUnusedCacheEntries in the IPFIX MIB
module [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
The following timeout parameters are only available in the
TimeoutCache class and the NaturalCache class:
activeTimeout: This parameter configures the time in seconds after
which a Flow is expired even though packets matching this Flow are
still received by the Cache. The parameter value zero indicates
infinity, meaning that there is no active timeout.
If not configured by the user, the Monitoring Device sets this
parameter.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessCacheActiveTimeout in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
idleTimeout: This parameter configures the time in seconds after
which a Flow is expired if no more packets matching this Flow are
received by the Cache. The parameter value zero indicates
infinity, meaning that there is no idle timeout.
If not configured by the user, the Monitoring Device sets this
parameter.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessCacheIdleTimeout in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
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The following interval parameter is only available in the
PermanentCache class:
exportInterval: This parameter configures the interval (in seconds)
for periodical export of Flow Records.
If not configured by the user, the Monitoring Device sets this
parameter.
Every generated Flow Record MUST be associated with a single
Observation Domain. Hence, although a Cache MAY be configured to
process packets observed at multiple Observation Domains, the Cache
MUST NOT aggregate packets observed at different Observation Domains
in the same Flow.
An object of the Cache class contains an object of the CacheLayout
class that defines which fields are included in the Flow Records.
<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.3.3" href="#section-4.3.3">4.3.3</a>. CacheLayout Class</span>
+--------------+
| CacheLayout |
+--------------+ 1..* +--------------------------------+
| |<>------| CacheField |
| | +--------------------------------+
| | | name |
| | | ieId/ieName |
| | | ieLength {opt.} |
| | | ieEnterpriseNumber = 0 |
| | | isFlowKey[0..1] {not used with |
| | | ImmediateCache class} |
+--------------+ +--------------------------------+
Figure 15: CacheLayout class
A Cache generates and maintains Packet Reports or Flow Records
containing information that has been extracted from the incoming
stream of packets. Using the CacheField class, the CacheLayout class
specifies the superset of fields that are included in the Packet
Reports or Flow Records (see Figure 15).
If Packet Reports are generated (i.e., if ImmediateCache class is
used to configure the Cache), every field specified by the Cache
Layout MUST be included in the resulting Packet Report unless the
corresponding Information Element is not applicable or cannot be
derived from the content or treatment of the incoming packet. Any
other field specified by the Cache Layout MAY only be included in the
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Packet Report if it is obvious from the field value itself or from
the values of other fields in same Packet Report that the field value
was not determined from the packet.
For example, if a field is configured to contain the TCP source port
(Information Element tcpSourcePort [<a href="#ref-IANA-IPFIX">IANA-IPFIX</a>]), the field MUST be
included in all Packet Reports that are related to TCP packets.
Although the field value cannot be determined for non-TCP packets,
the field MAY be included in the Packet Reports if another field
contains the transport protocol identifier (Information Element
protocolIdentifier [<a href="#ref-IANA-IPFIX">IANA-IPFIX</a>]).
If Flow Records are generated (i.e., if TimeoutCache, NaturalCache,
or PermanentCache class is used to configure the Cache), the Cache
Layout differentiates between Flow Key fields and non-key fields.
Every Flow Key field specified by the Cache Layout MUST be included
as Flow Key in the resulting Flow Record unless the corresponding
Information Element is not applicable or cannot be derived from the
content or treatment of the incoming packet. Any other Flow Key
field specified by the Cache Layout MAY only be included in the Flow
Record if it is obvious from the field value itself or from the
values of other Flow Key fields in the same Flow Record that the
field value was not determined from the packet. Two packets are
accounted by the same Flow Record if none of their Flow Key fields
differ. If a Flow Key field can be determined for one packet but not
for the other, the two packets are accounted in different Flow
Records.
Every non-key field specified by the Cache Layout MUST be included in
the resulting Flow Record unless the corresponding Information
Element is not applicable or cannot be derived for the given Flow.
Any other non-key field specified by the Cache Layout MAY only be
included in the Flow Record if it is obvious from the field value
itself or from the values of other fields in same Flow Record that
the field value was not determined from the packet. Packets which
are accounted by the same Flow Record may differ in their non-key
fields, or one or more of the non-key fields can be undetermined for
all or some of the packets.
For example, if a non-key field specifies an Information Element
whose value is determined by the first packet observed within a Flow
(which is the default rule according to [<a href="./rfc5102" title=""Information Model for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC5102</a>] unless specified
differently in the description of the Information Element), this
field MUST be included in the resulting Flow Record if it can be
determined from the first packet of the Flow.
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The CacheLayout class does not have any parameters. The
configuration parameters of the CacheField class are as follows:
ieId, ieName, ieEnterpriseNumber: These parameters specify a field
by the combination of the Information Element identifier or name,
and the Information Element enterprise number. Either ieId or
ieName MUST be specified. If ieEnterpriseNumber is zero (which is
the default), this Information Element is registered in the IANA
registry of IPFIX Information Elements [<a href="#ref-IANA-IPFIX">IANA-IPFIX</a>]. A non-zero
value of ieEnterpriseNumber specifies an enterprise-specific
Information Element [<a href="#ref-IANA-ENTERPRISE-NUMBERS">IANA-ENTERPRISE-NUMBERS</a>].
If the enterprise number is set to 29305, this field contains a
Reverse Information Element. In this case, the Cache MUST
generate Data Records in accordance to [<a href="./rfc5103" title=""Bidirectional Flow Export Using IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)"">RFC5103</a>].
ieLength: This parameter specifies the length of the field in
octets. A value of 65535 means that the field is encoded as a
variable-length Information Element. For Information Elements of
integer and float type, the field length MAY be set to a smaller
value than the standard length of the abstract data type if the
rules of reduced size encoding are fulfilled (see <a href="./rfc5101#section-6.2">[RFC5101],
Section 6.2</a>). If not configured by the user, the field length is
set by the Monitoring Device.
isFlowKey: If present, this field is a Flow Key. If the field
contains a Reverse Information Element, it MUST NOT be configured
as Flow Key.
This parameter is not available if the Cache is configured using
the ImmediateCache class since there is no distinction between
Flow Key fields and non-key fields in Packet Reports.
Note that the use of Information Elements can be restricted to
certain Cache types as well as to Flow Key or non-key fields. Such
restrictions may result from Information Element definitions or from
device-specific constraints. According to <a href="#section-5">Section 5</a>, the Monitoring
Device MUST notify the user if a Cache field cannot be configured
with the given Information Element.
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<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.4" href="#section-4.4">4.4</a>. ExportingProcess Class</span>
+-------------------------------+
| ExportingProcess |
+-------------------------------+ 1..* +-------------+
| name |<>------| Destination |
| exportingProcessId {readOnly} | +-------------+
| exportMode = "parallel" | | name |<>-+
| | +-------------+ | 1
| | |
| | +---------------+
| | | SctpExporter/ |
| | | UdpExporter/ |
| | | TcpExporter/ |
| | | FileWriter |
| | +---------------+
| |
| | 0..* +------------------+
| |<>------| Options |
+-------------------------------+ +------------------+
Figure 16: ExportingProcess class
The ExportingProcess class in Figure 16 specifies destinations to
which the incoming Packet Reports and Flow Records are exported using
objects of the Destination class. The Destination class includes one
object of the SctpExporter, UdpExporter, TcpExporter, or FileWriter
class which contains further configuration parameters. These classes
are described in Sections <a href="#section-4.4.1">4.4.1</a>, <a href="#section-4.4.2">4.4.2</a>, <a href="#section-4.4.3">4.4.3</a>, and <a href="#section-4.4.4">4.4.4</a>.
As state parameter, the ExportingProcess class contains the
identifier of the Exporting Process (exportingProcessId). This
parameter corresponds to the Information Element exportingProcessId
[<a href="#ref-IANA-IPFIX">IANA-IPFIX</a>]. Its occurrence helps to associate Exporting Process
Reliability Statistics exported according to the IPFIX protocol
specification [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>] with the corresponding object of the
ExportingProcess class.
The order in which objects of the Destination class appear is defined
by the user. However, the order has a specific meaning only if the
exportMode parameter is set to "fallback". The exportMode parameter
is defined as follows:
exportMode: This parameter determines to which configured
destination(s) the incoming Data Records are exported. The
following parameter values are specified by the configuration data
model:
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* parallel: every Data Record is exported to all configured
destinations in parallel
* loadBalancing: every Data Record is exported to exactly one
configured destination according to a device-specific load-
balancing policy
* fallback: every Data Record is exported to exactly one
configured destination according to the fallback policy
described below
If exportMode is set to "fallback", the first object of the
Destination class defines the primary destination, the second
object of the Destination class defines the secondary destination,
and so on. If the Exporting Process fails to export Data Records
to the primary destination, it tries to export them to the
secondary one. If the secondary destination fails as well, it
continues with the tertiary, etc.
"parallel" is the default value if exportMode is not configured.
Note that the exportMode parameter is related to the
ipfixExportMemberType object in [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>]. If exportMode is
"parallel", the ipfixExportMemberType values of the corresponding
entries in ipfixExportTable are set to parallel(3). If exportMode is
"loadBalancing", the ipfixExportMemberType values of the
corresponding entries in ipfixExportTable are set to
loadBalancing(4). If exportMode is "fallback", the
ipfixExportMemberType value that refers to the primary destination is
set to primary(1); the ipfixExportMemberType values that refer to the
remaining destinations need to be set to secondary(2). The IPFIX MIB
module does not define any value for tertiary destination, etc.
The reporting of information with Options Templates is defined with
objects of the Options class.
The Exporting Process may modify the Packet Reports and Flow Records
to enable a more efficient transmission or storage under the
condition that no information is changed or suppressed. For example,
the Exporting Process may shorten the length of a field according to
the rules of reduced size encoding [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>]. The Exporting Process
may also export certain fields in a separate Data Record as described
in [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>].
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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.4.1" href="#section-4.4.1">4.4.1</a>. SctpExporter Class</span>
+------------------------------+
| SctpExporter |
+------------------------------+ 0..1 +------------------------+
| ipfixVersion = 10 |<>-------| TransportLayerSecurity |
| sourceIPAddress[0..*] | +------------------------+
| destinationIPAddress[1..*] |
| destinationPort = 4739|4740 | 0..1 +------------------------+
| ifName/ifIndex[0..1] |<>-------| TransportSession |
| sendBufferSize {opt.} | +------------------------+
| rateLimit[0..1] |
| timedReliability = 0 |
+------------------------------+
Figure 17: SctpExporter class
The SctpExporter class shown in Figure 17 contains the configuration
parameters of an SCTP export destination. The configuration
parameters are:
ipfixVersion: Version number of the IPFIX protocol used. If
omitted, the default value is 10 (=0x000a) as specified in
[<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>].
sourceIPAddress: List of source IP addresses used by the Exporting
Process. If configured, the specified addresses are eligible
local IP addresses of the multihomed SCTP endpoint. If not
configured, all locally assigned IP addresses are eligible local
IP addresses.
destinationIPAddress: One or more IP addresses of the Collecting
Process to which IPFIX Messages are sent. The user must ensure
that all configured IP addresses belong to the same Collecting
Process. The Exporting Process tries to establish an SCTP
association to any of the configured destination IP addresses.
destinationPort: Destination port number to be used. If not
configured, standard port 4739 (IPFIX without TLS and DTLS) or
4740 (IPFIX over TLS or DTLS) is used.
ifIndex/ifName: Either the index or the name of the interface used
by the Exporting Process to export IPFIX Messages to the given
destination MAY be specified according to corresponding objects in
the IF-MIB [<a href="./rfc2863" title=""The Interfaces Group MIB"">RFC2863</a>]. If omitted, the Exporting Process selects
the outgoing interface based on local routing decision and accepts
return traffic, such as transport-layer acknowledgments, on all
available interfaces.
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sendBufferSize: Size of the socket send buffer in bytes. If not
configured by the user, the buffer size is set by the Monitoring
Device.
rateLimit: Maximum number of bytes per second the Exporting Process
may export to the given destination as required by [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>]. The
number of bytes is calculated from the lengths of the IPFIX
Messages exported. If this parameter is not configured, no rate
limiting is performed for this destination.
timedReliability: Lifetime in milliseconds until an IPFIX Message
containing Data Sets only is "abandoned" due to the timed
reliability mechanism of the Partial Reliability extension of SCTP
(PR-SCTP) [<a href="./rfc3758" title=""Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) Partial Reliability Extension"">RFC3758</a>]. If this parameter is set to zero, reliable
SCTP transport MUST be used for all Data Records. Regardless of
the value of this parameter, the Exporting Process MAY use
reliable SCTP transport for Data Sets associated with certain
Options Templates, such as the Data Record Reliability Options
Template specified in [<a href="./rfc6526" title=""IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Per Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP) Stream"">RFC6526</a>].
Using the TransportLayerSecurity class described in <a href="#section-4.6">Section 4.6</a>,
Datagram Transport Layer Security (DTLS) is enabled and configured
for this export destination.
If a Transport Session is established to the configured destination,
the SctpExporter class includes an object of the TransportSession
class containing state parameters of the Transport Session. The
TransportSession class is specified in <a href="#section-4.7">Section 4.7</a>.
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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.4.2" href="#section-4.4.2">4.4.2</a>. UdpExporter Class</span>
+-------------------------------------+
| UdpExporter |
+-------------------------------------+ 0..1 +------------------+
| ipfixVersion = 10 |<>------| TransportLayer- |
| sourceIPAddress[0..1] | | Security |
| destinationIPAddress | +------------------+
| destinationPort = 4739|4740 |
| ifName/ifIndex[0..1] | 0..1 +------------------+
| sendBufferSize {opt.} |<>------| TransportSession |
| rateLimit[0..1] | +------------------+
| maxPacketSize {opt.} |
| templateRefreshTimeout = 600 |
| optionsTemplateRefreshTimeout = 600 |
| templateRefreshPacket[0..1] |
| optionsTemplateRefreshPacket[0..1] |
+-------------------------------------+
Figure 18: UdpExporter class
The UdpExporter class shown in Figure 18 contains the configuration
parameters of a UDP export destination. The parameters ipfixVersion,
destinationPort, ifName, ifIndex, sendBufferSize, and rateLimit have
the same meaning as in the SctpExporter class (see <a href="#section-4.4.1">Section 4.4.1</a>).
The remaining configuration parameters are:
sourceIPAddress: This parameter specifies the source IP address used
by the Exporting Process. If this parameter is omitted, the IP
address assigned to the outgoing interface is used as the source
IP address.
destinationIPAddress: Destination IP address to which IPFIX Messages
are sent (i.e., the IP address of the Collecting Process).
maxPacketSize: This parameter specifies the maximum size of IP
packets sent to the Collector. If set to zero, the Exporting
Device MUST derive the maximum packet size from path MTU discovery
mechanisms. If not configured by the user, this parameter is set
by the Monitoring Device.
templateRefreshTimeout, optionsTemplateRefreshTimeout,
templateRefreshPacket, optionsTemplateRefreshPacket: These
parameters specify when (Options) Templates are refreshed by the
Exporting Process.
templateRefreshTimeout and optionsTemplateRefreshTimeout are
specified in seconds between resendings of (Options) Templates.
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If omitted, the default value of 600 seconds (10 minutes) is used
[<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>].
templateRefreshPacket and optionsTemplateRefreshPacket specify the
number of IPFIX Messages after which (Options) Templates are
resent. If omitted, the (Options) Templates are only resent after
timeout.
Note that the values configured for templateRefreshTimeout and
optionsTemplateRefreshTimeout MUST be adapted to the
templateLifeTime and optionsTemplateLifeTime parameter settings at
the receiving Collecting Process (see <a href="#section-4.5.2">Section 4.5.2</a>).
Note that these parameters correspond to
ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshTimeout,
ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshTimeout,
ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshPacket, and
ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshPacket in the IPFIX MIB
module [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
Using the TransportLayerSecurity class described in <a href="#section-4.6">Section 4.6</a>, DTLS
is enabled and configured for this export destination.
If a Transport Session is established to the configured destination,
the UdpExporter class includes an object of the TransportSession
class containing state parameters of the Transport Session. The
TransportSession class is specified in <a href="#section-4.7">Section 4.7</a>.
<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.4.3" href="#section-4.4.3">4.4.3</a>. TcpExporter Class</span>
+------------------------------+
| TcpExporter |
+------------------------------+ 0..1 +------------------------+
| ipfixVersion = 10 |<>-------| TransportLayerSecurity |
| sourceIPAddress[0..1] | +------------------------+
| destinationIPAddress |
| destinationPort = 4739|4740 | 0..1 +------------------------+
| ifName/ifIndex[0..1] |<>-------| TransportSession |
| sendBufferSize {opt.} | +------------------------+
| rateLimit[0..1] |
+------------------------------+
Figure 19: TcpExporter class
The TcpExporter class shown in Figure 19 contains the configuration
parameters of a TCP export destination. The parameters have the same
meaning as in the UdpExporter class (see <a href="#section-4.4.2">Section 4.4.2</a>).
Using the TransportLayerSecurity class described in <a href="#section-4.6">Section 4.6</a>,
Transport Layer Security (TLS) is enabled and configured for this
export destination.
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If a Transport Session is established to the configured destination,
the TcpExporter class includes an object of the TransportSession
class containing state parameters of the Transport Session. The
TransportSession class is specified in <a href="#section-4.7">Section 4.7</a>.
<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.4.4" href="#section-4.4.4">4.4.4</a>. FileWriter Class</span>
+-----------------------------------------+
| FileWriter |
+-----------------------------------------+ 0..* +----------+
| ipfixVersion = 10 |<>-------| Template |
| file | +----------+
| status {readOnly} |
| bytes {readOnly} |
| messages {readOnly} |
| discardedMessages {readOnly} |
| records {readOnly} |
| templates {readOnly} |
| optionsTemplates {readOnly} |
| fileWriterDiscontinuityTime {readOnly} |
+-----------------------------------------+
Figure 20: FileWriter classes
If an object of the FileWriter class is included in an object of the
Destination class, IPFIX Messages are written into a file as
specified in [<a href="./rfc5655" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) File Format"">RFC5655</a>]. The FileWriter class contains the following
configuration parameters:
ipfixVersion: Version number of the IPFIX protocol used. If
omitted, the default value is 10 (=0x000a) as specified in
[<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>].
file: File name and location specified as URI.
The state parameters of the FileWriter class are:
bytes, messages, records, templates, optionsTemplates: The number of
bytes, IPFIX Messages, Data Records, Template Records, and Options
Template Records written by the File Writer. Discontinuities in
the values of these counters can occur at re-initialization of the
management system, and at other times as indicated by the value of
fileWriterDiscontinuityTime.
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discardedMessages: The number of IPFIX Messages that could not be
written by the File Writer due to internal buffer overflows,
limited storage capacity, etc. Discontinuities in the value of
this counter can occur at re-initialization of the management
system, and at other times as indicated by the value of
fileWriterDiscontinuityTime.
fileWriterDiscontinuityTime: Timestamp of the most recent occasion
at which one or more File Writer counters suffered a
discontinuity. In contrast to discontinuity times in the IPFIX
MIB module, the time is absolute and not relative to sysUpTime.
Each object of the FileWriter class includes a list of objects of the
Template class with information and statistics about the Templates
written to the file. The Template class is specified in <a href="#section-4.8">Section 4.8</a>.
<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.4.5" href="#section-4.4.5">4.4.5</a>. Options Class</span>
+-----------------------+
| Options |
+-----------------------+
| name |
| optionsType |
| optionsTimeout {opt.} |
+-----------------------+
Figure 21: Options class
The Options class in Figure 21 defines the type of specific
information to be reported, such as statistics, flow keys, Sampling
and Filtering parameters, etc. [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>] and [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>] specify
several types of reporting information that may be exported. The
following parameter values are specified by the configuration data
model:
meteringStatistics: Export of Metering Process statistics using the
Metering Process Statistics Options Template [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>].
meteringReliability: Export of Metering Process reliability
statistics using the Metering Process Reliability Statistics
Options Template [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>].
exportingReliability: Export of Exporting Process reliability
statistics using the Exporting Process Reliability Statistics
Options Template [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>].
flowKeys: Export of the Flow Key specification using the Flow Keys
Options Template [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>].
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selectionSequence: Export of Selection Sequence Report
Interpretation and Selector Report Interpretation [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>].
selectionStatistics: Export of Selection Sequence Statistics Report
Interpretation [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>].
accuracy: Export of Accuracy Report Interpretation [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>].
reducingRedundancy: Enables the utilization of Options Templates to
reduce redundancy in the exported Data Records according to
[<a href="./rfc5473" title=""Reducing Redundancy in IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) and Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Reports"">RFC5473</a>]. The Exporting Process decides when to apply these
Options Templates.
extendedTypeInformation: Export of extended type information for
enterprise-specific Information Elements used in the exported
Templates [<a href="./rfc5610" title=""Exporting Type Information for IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Information Elements"">RFC5610</a>].
The Exporting Process MUST choose a Template definition according to
the options type and available options data.
The optionsTimeout parameter specifies the reporting interval (in
milliseconds) for periodic export of the option data. A parameter
value of zero means that the export of the option data is not
triggered periodically, but whenever the available option data has
changed. This is the typical setting for options types flowKeys,
selectionSequence, accuracy, and reducingRedundancy. If
optionsTimeout is not configured by the user, it is set by the
Monitoring Device.
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<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.5" href="#section-4.5">4.5</a>. CollectingProcess Class</span>
+-------------------+
| CollectingProcess |
+-------------------+
| name | 0..* +------------------+
| |<>----------| SctpCollector |
| | +------------------+
| |
| | 0..* +------------------+
| |<>----------| UdpCollector |
| | +------------------+
| |
| | 0..* +------------------+
| |<>----------| TcpCollector |
| | +------------------+
| |
| | 0..* +------------------+
| |<>----------| FileReader |
| | +------------------+
| |
| | 0..* 0..* +------------------+
| |----------->| ExportingProcess |
+-------------------+ +------------------+
Figure 22: CollectingProcess class
Figure 22 shows the CollectingProcess class that contains the
configuration and state parameters of a Collecting Process. Objects
of the SctpCollector, UdpCollector, and TcpCollector classes specify
how IPFIX Messages are received from remote Exporters. The
Collecting Process can also be configured as a File Reader using
objects of the FileReader class. These classes are described in
Sections <a href="#section-4.5.1">4.5.1</a>, <a href="#section-4.5.2">4.5.2</a>, <a href="#section-4.5.3">4.5.3</a>, and <a href="#section-4.5.4">4.5.4</a>.
A CollectingProcess object MAY refer to one or more ExportingProcess
objects configuring Exporting Processes that export the received data
without modifications to a file or to another Collector.
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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.5.1" href="#section-4.5.1">4.5.1</a>. SctpCollector Class</span>
+--------------------------+
| SctpCollector |
+--------------------------+ 0..1 +------------------------+
| name |<>-------| TransportLayerSecurity |
| localIPAddress[0..*] | +------------------------+
| localPort = 4739|4740 |
| | 0..* +------------------------+
| |<>-------| TransportSession |
+--------------------------+ +------------------------+
Figure 23: SctpCollector class
The SctpCollector class contains the configuration parameters of a
listening SCTP socket at a Collecting Process. The parameters are:
localIPAddress: List of local IP addresses on which the Collecting
Process listens for IPFIX Messages. The IP addresses are used as
eligible local IP addresses of the multihomed SCTP endpoint
[<a href="./rfc4960" title=""Stream Control Transmission Protocol"">RFC4960</a>]. If omitted, the Collecting Process listens on all
local IP addresses.
localPort: Local port number on which the Collecting Process listens
for IPFIX Messages. If omitted, standard port 4739 (IPFIX without
TLS and DTLS) or 4740 (IPFIX over TLS or DTLS) is used.
Using the TransportLayerSecurity class described in <a href="#section-4.6">Section 4.6</a>, DTLS
is enabled and configured for this receiving socket.
As state data, the SctpCollector class contains the list of currently
established Transport Sessions that terminate at the given SCTP
socket of the Collecting Process. The TransportSession class is
specified in <a href="#section-4.7">Section 4.7</a>.
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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.5.2" href="#section-4.5.2">4.5.2</a>. UdpCollector Class</span>
+---------------------------------+
| UdpCollector |
+---------------------------------+ 0..1 +------------------------+
| name |<>------| TransportLayerSecurity |
| localIPAddress[0..*] | +------------------------+
| localPort = 4739|4740 |
| templateLifeTime = 1800 | 0..* +------------------------+
| optionsTemplateLifeTime = 1800 |<>------| TransportSession |
| templateLifePacket[0..*] | +------------------------+
| optionsTemplateLifePacket[0..*] |
+---------------------------------+
Figure 24: UdpCollector class
The UdpCollector class contains the configuration parameters of a
listening UDP socket at a Collecting Process. The parameter
localPort has the same meaning as in the SctpCollector class (see
<a href="#section-4.5.1">Section 4.5.1</a>). The remaining parameters are:
localIPAddress: List of local IP addresses on which the Collecting
Process listens for IPFIX Messages. If omitted, the Collecting
Process listens on all local IP addresses.
templateLifeTime, optionsTemplateLifeTime: (Options) Template
lifetime in seconds for all UDP Transport Sessions terminating at
this UDP socket. (Options) Templates that are not received again
within the configured lifetime become invalid at the Collecting
Process.
As specified in <a href="./rfc5101#section-10.3.7">[RFC5101], Section 10.3.7</a>, the lifetime of
Templates and Options Templates MUST be at least three times
higher than the templateRefreshTimeout and
optionTemplatesRefreshTimeout parameter values configured on the
corresponding Exporting Processes.
If not configured, the default value 1800 is used, which is three
times the default (Options) Template refresh timeout (see
<a href="#section-4.4.2">Section 4.4.2</a>) as specified in [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>].
Note that these parameters correspond to
ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshTimeout and
ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshTimeout in the IPFIX
MIB module [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
templateLifePacket, optionsTemplateLifePacket: If templateLifePacket
is configured, Templates defined in a UDP Transport Session become
invalid if they are neither included in a sequence of more than
this number of IPFIX Messages nor received again within the period
of time specified by templateLifeTime. Similarly, if
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optionsTemplateLifePacket is configured, Options Templates become
invalid if they are neither included in a sequence of more than
this number of IPFIX Messages nor received again within the period
of time specified by optionsTemplateLifeTime.
If not configured, Templates and Options Templates only become
invalid according to the lifetimes specified by templateLifeTime
and optionsTemplateLifeTime, respectively.
Note that these parameters correspond to
ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshPacket and
ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshPacket in the IPFIX MIB
module [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
Using the TransportLayerSecurity class described in <a href="#section-4.6">Section 4.6</a>, DTLS
is enabled and configured for this receiving socket.
As state data, the UdpCollector class contains the list of currently
established Transport Sessions that terminate at the given UDP socket
of the Collecting Process. The TransportSession class is specified
in <a href="#section-4.7">Section 4.7</a>.
<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.5.3" href="#section-4.5.3">4.5.3</a>. TcpCollector Class</span>
+--------------------------+
| TcpCollector |
+--------------------------+ 0..1 +------------------------+
| name |<>-------| TransportLayerSecurity |
| localIPAddress[0..*] | +------------------------+
| localPort = 4739|4740 |
| | 0..* +------------------------+
| |<>-------| TransportSession |
+--------------------------+ +------------------------+
Figure 25: TcpCollector class
The TcpCollector class contains the configuration parameters of a
listening TCP socket at a Collecting Process. The parameters have
the same meaning as in the UdpCollector class (see <a href="#section-4.5.2">Section 4.5.2</a>).
Using the TransportLayerSecurity class described in <a href="#section-4.6">Section 4.6</a>, TLS
is enabled and configured for this receiving socket.
As state data, the TcpCollector class contains the list of currently
established Transport Sessions that terminate at the given TCP socket
of the Collecting Process. The TransportSession class is specified
in <a href="#section-4.7">Section 4.7</a>.
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<span class="h4"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.5.4" href="#section-4.5.4">4.5.4</a>. FileReader Class</span>
+-----------------------------------------+
| FileReader |
+-----------------------------------------+ 0..* +----------+
| name |<>-------| Template |
| file | +----------+
| bytes {readOnly} |
| messages {readOnly} |
| records {readOnly} |
| templates {readOnly} |
| optionsTemplates {readOnly} |
| fileReaderDiscontinuityTime {readOnly} |
+-----------------------------------------+
Figure 26: FileReader classes
The Collecting Process may import IPFIX Messages from a file as
specified in [<a href="./rfc5655" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) File Format"">RFC5655</a>]. The FileReader class defines the following
configuration parameter:
file: File name and location specified as URI.
The state parameters of the FileReader class are:
bytes, messages, records, templates, optionsTemplates: The number of
bytes, IPFIX Messages, Data Records, Template Records, and Options
Template Records read by the File Reader. Discontinuities in the
values of these counters can occur at re-initialization of the
management system, and at other times as indicated by the value of
fileReaderDiscontinuityTime.
fileReaderDiscontinuityTime: Timestamp of the most recent occasion
at which one or more File Reader counters suffered a
discontinuity. In contrast to discontinuity times in the IPFIX
MIB module, the time is absolute and not relative to sysUpTime.
Each object of the FileReader class includes a list of objects of the
Template class with information and statistics about the Templates
read from the file. The Template class is specified in <a href="#section-4.8">Section 4.8</a>.
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<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.6" href="#section-4.6">4.6</a>. Transport Layer Security Class</span>
+--------------------------------------+
| TransportLayerSecurity |
+--------------------------------------+
| localCertificationAuthorityDN[0..*] |
| localSubjectDN[0..*] |
| localSubjectFQDN[0..*] |
| remoteCertificationAuthorityDN[0..*] |
| remoteSubjectDN[0..*] |
| remoteSubjectFQDN[0..*] |
+--------------------------------------+
Figure 27: TransportLayerSecurity class
The TransportLayerSecurity class is used in the Exporting Process's
SctpExporter, UdpExporter, and TcpExporter classes, and the
Collecting Process's SctpCollector, UdpCollector, and TcpCollector
classes to enable and configure TLS/DTLS for IPFIX. TLS/DTLS can be
enabled without configuring any additional parameters. In this case,
an empty XML element <transportLayerSecurity /> appears in the
configuration. If TLS/DTLS is enabled, the endpoint must use DTLS
[<a href="./rfc6347" title=""Datagram Transport Layer Security Version 1.2"">RFC6347</a>] if the transport protocol is SCTP or UDP, and TLS [<a href="./rfc5246" title=""The Transport Layer Security (TLS) Protocol Version 1.2"">RFC5246</a>]
if the transport protocol is TCP.
[<a id="ref-RFC5101">RFC5101</a>] mandates strong mutual authentication of Exporting
Processes and Collecting Process as follows. Note this text cites
[<a href="./rfc3280" title=""Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile"">RFC3280</a>], which was obsoleted by [<a href="./rfc5280" title=""Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile"">RFC5280</a>].
IPFIX Exporting Processes and IPFIX Collecting Processes are
identified by the fully qualified domain name (FQDN) of the
interface on which IPFIX Messages are sent or received, for
purposes of X.509 client and server certificates as in [<a href="./rfc3280" title=""Internet X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile"">RFC3280</a>].
To prevent man-in-the-middle attacks from impostor Exporting or
Collecting Processes, the acceptance of data from an unauthorized
Exporting Process, or the export of data to an unauthorized
Collecting Process, strong mutual authentication via asymmetric
keys MUST be used for both TLS and DTLS. Each of the IPFIX
Exporting and Collecting Processes MUST verify the identity of its
peer against its authorized certificates, and MUST verify that the
peer's certificate matches its fully qualified domain name, or, in
the case of SCTP, the fully qualified domain name of one of its
endpoints.
The fully qualified domain name used to identify an IPFIX
Collecting Process or Exporting Process may be stored either in a
subjectAltName extension of type dNSName, or in the most specific
Common Name field of the Subject field of the X.509 certificate.
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If both are present, the subjectAltName extension is given
preference.
In order to use TLS/DTLS, appropriate certificates and keys have to
be previously installed on the Monitoring Devices. For security
reasons, the configuration data model does not offer the possibility
to upload any certificates or keys on a Monitoring Device. If TLS/
DTLS is enabled on a Monitoring Device that does not dispose of
appropriate certificates and keys, the configuration MUST be rejected
with an error.
The configuration data model allows restricting the authorization of
remote endpoints to certificates issued by specific certification
authorities or identifying specific FQDNs for authorization.
Furthermore, the configuration data model allows restricting the
utilization of certificates identifying the local endpoint. This is
useful if the Monitoring Device disposes of more than one certificate
for the given local endpoint.
The configuration parameters are defined as follows:
localCertificationAuthorityDN: This parameter MAY appear one or more
times to restrict the identification of the local endpoint during
the TLS/DTLS handshake to certificates issued by the configured
certification authorities. Each occurrence of this parameter
contains the distinguished name of one certification authority.
To identify the local endpoint, the Exporting Process or
Collecting Process MUST use a certificate issued by one of the
configured certification authorities. Certificates issued by any
other certification authority MUST NOT be sent to the remote peer
during TLS/DTLS handshake. If none of the certificates installed
on the Monitoring Device fulfills the specified restrictions, the
configuration MUST be rejected with an error.
If localCertificationAuthorityDN is not configured, the choice of
certificates identifying the local endpoint is not restricted with
respect to the issuing certification authority.
localSubjectDN, localSubjectFQDN: Each of these parameters MAY
appear one or more times to restrict the identification of the
local endpoint during the TLS/DTLS handshake to certificates
issued for specific subjects or for specific FQDNs. Each
occurrence of localSubjectDN contains a distinguished name
identifying the local endpoint. Each occurrence of
localSubjectFQDN contains a FQDN which is assigned to the local
endpoint.
To identify the local endpoint, the Exporting Process or
Collecting Process MUST use a certificate that contains either one
of the configured distinguished names in the subject field or at
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least one of the configured FQDNs in a dNSName component of the
subject alternative extension field or in the most specific
commonName component of the subject field. If none of the
certificates installed on the Monitoring Device fulfills the
specified restrictions, the configuration MUST be rejected with an
error.
If any of the parameters localSubjectDN and localSubjectFQDN is
configured at the same time as the localCertificationAuthorityDN
parameter, certificates MUST also fulfill the specified
restrictions regarding the certification authority.
If localSubjectDN and localSubjectFQDN are not configured, the
choice of certificates identifying the local endpoint is not
restricted with respect to the subject's distinguished name or
FQDN.
remoteCertificationAuthorityDN: This parameter MAY appear one or
more times to restrict the authentication of remote endpoints
during the TLS/DTLS handshake to certificates issued by the
configured certification authorities. Each occurrence of this
parameter contains the distinguished name of one certification
authority.
To authenticate the remote endpoint, the remote Exporting Process
or Collecting Process MUST provide a certificate issued by one of
the configured certification authorities. Certificates issued by
any other certification authority MUST be rejected during TLS/DTLS
handshake.
If the Monitoring Device is not able to validate certificates
issued by the configured certification authorities (e.g., because
of missing public keys), the configuration must be rejected with
an error.
If remoteCertificationAuthorityDN is not configured, the
authorization of remote endpoints is not restricted with respect
to the issuing certification authority of the delivered
certificate.
remoteSubjectDN, remoteSubjectFQDN: Each of these parameters MAY
appear one or more times to restrict the authentication of remote
endpoints during the TLS/DTLS handshake to certificates issued for
specific subjects or for specific FQDNs. Each occurrence of
remoteSubjectDN contains a distinguished name identifying a remote
endpoint. Each occurrence of remoteSubjectFQDN contains a FQDN
that is assigned to a remote endpoint.
To authenticate a remote endpoint, the remote Exporting Process or
Collecting Process MUST provide a certificate that contains either
one of the configured distinguished names in the subject field or
at least one of the configured FQDNs in a dNSName component of the
subject alternative extension field or in the most specific
commonName component of the subject field. Certificates not
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fulfilling this condition MUST be rejected during TLS/DTLS
handshake.
If any of the parameters remoteSubjectDN and remoteSubjectFQDN is
configured at the same time as the remoteCertificationAuthorityDN
parameter, certificates MUST also fulfill the specified
restrictions regarding the certification authority in order to be
accepted.
If remoteSubjectDN and remoteSubjectFQDN are not configured, the
authorization of remote endpoints is not restricted with respect
to the subject's distinguished name or FQDN of the delivered
certificate.
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.7" href="#section-4.7">4.7</a>. Transport Session Class</span>
+----------------------------------------------+
| TransportSession |
+----------------------------------------------+ 0..* +----------+
| ipfixVersion {readOnly} |<>-------| Template |
| sourceAddress {readOnly} | +----------+
| destinationAddress {readOnly} |
| sourcePort {readOnly} |
| destinationPort {readOnly} |
| sctpAssocId {readOnly} {SCTP only} |
| status {readOnly} |
| rate {readOnly} |
| bytes {readOnly} |
| messages {readOnly} |
| discardedMessages {readOnly} |
| records {readOnly} |
| templates {readOnly} |
| optionsTemplates {readOnly} |
| transportSessionStartTime {readOnly} |
| transportSessionDiscontinuityTime {readOnly} |
+----------------------------------------------+
Figure 28: TransportSession class
The TransportSession class contains state data about Transport
Sessions originating from an Exporting Process or terminating at a
Collecting Process. In general, the state parameters correspond to
the managed objects in the ipfixTransportSessionTable and
ipfixTransportSessionStatsTable of the IPFIX MIB module [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
An exception is the usage of the parameters sourceAddress and
destinationAddress. If SCTP is the transport protocol, the Exporter
or Collector MAY be multihomed SCTP endpoints (see [<a href="./rfc4960" title=""Stream Control Transmission Protocol"">RFC4960</a>], <a href="#section-6.4">Section</a>
<a href="#section-6.4">6.4</a>) and use more than one IP address. In the IPFIX MIB module,
ipfixTransportSessionSctpAssocId is used instead of
ipfixTransportSessionSourceAddress and
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ipfixTransportSessionDestinationAddress to point to an entry in the
sctpAssocTable defined in the SCTP MIB module [<a href="./rfc3871" title=""Operational Security Requirements for Large Internet Service Provider (ISP) IP Network Infrastructure"">RFC3871</a>]. Since we
cannot assume that an SNMP agent offering access to the SCTP MIB
module exists on the Monitoring Device, the configuration data model
cannot rely on this parameter. Therefore, the state parameters
sourceAddress and destinationAddress are used for SCTP as well,
containing one of the potentially many Exporter and Collector IP
addresses in the SCTP association. Preferably, the IP addresses of
the path that is usually selected by the Exporter to send IPFIX
Messages to the Collector SHOULD be contained.
Several MIB objects of the ipfixTransportSessionTable are omitted in
the TransportSession class. The MIB object
ipfixTransportSessionDeviceMode is not included because its value can
be derived from the context in which a TransportSession object
appears: exporting(1) if it belongs to an Exporting Process,
collecting(2) if it belongs to a Collecting Process. Similarly, the
MIB object ipfixTransportSessionProtocol is not included as the
transport protocol is known from the context as well. The MIB
objects ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshTimeout,
ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshTimeout,
ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshPacket, and
ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshPacket are not included
since they correspond to configuration parameters of the UdpExporter
class (templateRefreshTimeout, optionsTemplateRefreshTimeout,
templateRefreshPacket, optionsTemplateRefreshPacket) and the
UdpCollector class (templateLifeTime, optionsTemplateLifeTime,
templateLifePacket, optionsTemplateLifePacket).
ipfixVersion: Used for Exporting Processes, this parameter contains
the version number of the IPFIX protocol that the Exporter uses to
export its data in this Transport Session. Hence, it is identical
to the value of the configuration parameter ipfixVersion of the
outer SctpExporter, UdpExporter, or TcpExporter object.
Used for Collecting Processes, this parameter contains the version
number of the IPFIX protocol it receives for this Transport
Session. If IPFIX Messages of different IPFIX protocol versions
are received, this parameter contains the maximum version number.
This state parameter is identical to
ipfixTransportSessionIpfixVersion in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
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sourceAddress, destinationAddress: If TCP or UDP is the transport
protocol, sourceAddress contains the IP address of the Exporter,
and destinationAddress contains the IP addresses of the Collector.
Hence, the two parameters have identical values as
ipfixTransportSessionSourceAddress and
ipfixTransportSessionDestinationAddress in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
If SCTP is the transport protocol, sourceAddress contains one of
the IP addresses of the Exporter and destinationAddress one of the
IP addresses of the Collector. Preferably, the IP addresses of
the path that is usually selected by the Exporter to send IPFIX
Messages to the Collector SHOULD be contained.
sourcePort, destinationPort: These state parameters contain the
transport-protocol port numbers of the Exporter and the Collector
of the Transport Session and thus are identical to
ipfixTransportSessionSourcePort and
ipfixTransportSessionDestinationPort in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
sctpAssocId: The association ID used for the SCTP session between
the Exporter and the Collector of the Transport Session. It is
equal to the sctpAssocId entry in the sctpAssocTable defined in
the SCTP-MIB [<a href="./rfc3871" title=""Operational Security Requirements for Large Internet Service Provider (ISP) IP Network Infrastructure"">RFC3871</a>].
This parameter is only available if the transport protocol is SCTP
and if an SNMP agent on the same Monitoring Device enables access
to the corresponding MIB objects in the sctpAssocTable.
This state parameter is identical to
ipfixTransportSessionSctpAssocId in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
status: Status of the Transport Session, which can be one of the
following:
* inactive: Transport Session is established, but no IPFIX
Messages are currently transferred (e.g., because this is a
backup (secondary) session)
* active: Transport Session is established and transfers IPFIX
Messages
* unknown: Transport Session status cannot be determined
This state parameter is identical to ipfixTransportSessionStatus
in the IPFIX MIB module [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
rate: The number of bytes per second transmitted by the Exporting
Process or received by the Collecting Process. This parameter is
updated every second.
This state parameter is identical to ipfixTransportSessionRate in
the IPFIX MIB module [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
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bytes, messages, records, templates, optionsTemplates: The number of
bytes, IPFIX Messages, Data Records, Template Records, and Options
Template Records transmitted by the Exporting Process or received
by the Collecting Process. Discontinuities in the values of these
counters can occur at re-initialization of the management system,
and at other times as indicated by the value of
transportSessionDiscontinuityTime.
discardedMessages: Used for Exporting Processes, this parameter
indicates the number of messages that could not be sent due to
internal buffer overflows, network congestion, routing issues,
etc.
Used for Collecting Process, this parameter indicates the number
of received IPFIX Messages that are malformed, cannot be decoded,
are received in the wrong order or are missing according to the
sequence number.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other times as
indicated by the value of transportSessionDiscontinuityTime.
transportSessionStartTime: Timestamp of the start of the given
Transport Session.
This state parameter does not correspond to any object in the
IPFIX MIB module.
transportSessionDiscontinuityTime: Timestamp of the most recent
occasion at which one or more of the Transport Session counters
suffered a discontinuity. In contrast to
ipfixTransportSessionDiscontinuityTime, the time is absolute and
not relative to sysUpTime.
Note that, if used for Exporting Processes, the values of the state
parameters destinationAddress and destinationPort match the values of
the configuration parameters destinationIPAddress and destinationPort
of the outer SctpExporter, TcpExporter, and UdpExporter objects (in
the case of SctpExporter, one of the configured destinationIPAddress
values); if the transport protocol is UDP or SCTP and if the
parameter sourceIPAddress is configured in the outer UdpExporter or
SctpExporter object, the value of sourceAddress equals the configured
value or one of the configured values. Used for Collecting
Processes, the value of destinationAddress equals the value (or one
of the values) of the parameter localIPAddress if this parameter is
configured in the outer UdpCollector, TcpCollector, or SctpCollector
object; destinationPort equals the value of the configuration
parameter localPort.
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Each object of the TransportSession class includes a list of objects
of the Template class with information and statistics about the
Templates transmitted or received on the given Transport Session.
The Template class is specified in <a href="#section-4.8">Section 4.8</a>.
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-4.8" href="#section-4.8">4.8</a>. Template Class</span>
+--------------------------------------+
| Template |
+--------------------------------------+
| observationDomainId {readOnly} |<>---+ 0..*
| templateId {readOnly} | |
| setId {readOnly} | |
| accessTime {readOnly} | |
| templateDataRecords {readOnly} | |
| templateDiscontinuityTime {readOnly} | |
+--------------------------------------+ |
|
+--------------------------------------+
| Field |
+--------------------------------------+
| ieId {readOnly} |
| ieLength {readOnly} |
| ieEnterpriseNumber {readOnly} |
| isFlowKey {readOnly} {non-Options |
| Template only} |
| isScope {readOnly} {Options Template |
| only} |
+--------------------------------------+
Figure 29: Template class
The Template class contains state data about Templates used by an
Exporting Process or received by a Collecting Process in a specific
Transport Session. The Field class defines one field of the
Template. The names and semantics of the state parameters correspond
to the managed objects in the ipfixTemplateTable,
ipfixTemplateDefinitionTable, and ipfixTemplateStatsTable of the
IPFIX MIB module [<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>]:
observationDomainId: The ID of the Observation Domain for which this
Template is defined.
templateId: This number indicates the Template ID in the IPFIX
Message.
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setId: This number indicates the Set ID of the Template.
Currently, there are two values defined [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>]. The value 2 is
used for Sets containing Template definitions. The value 3 is
used for Sets containing Options Template definitions.
accessTime: Used for Exporting Processes, this parameter contains
the time when this (Options) Template was last sent to the
Collector or written to the file.
Used for Collecting Processes, this parameter contains the time
when this (Options) Template was last received from the Exporter
or read from the file.
templateDataRecords: The number of transmitted or received Data
Records defined by this (Options) Template since the point in time
indicated by templateDefinitionTime.
templateDiscontinuityTime: Timestamp of the most recent occasion at
which the counter templateDataRecords suffered a discontinuity.
In contrast to ipfixTemplateDiscontinuityTime, the time is
absolute and not relative to sysUpTime.
ieId, ieLength, ieEnterpriseNumber: Information Element identifier,
length, and enterprise number of a field in the Template. If this
is not an enterprise-specific Information Element,
ieEnterpriseNumber is zero.
These state parameters are identical to
ipfixTemplateDefinitionIeId, ipfixTemplateDefinitionIeLength, and
ipfixTemplateDefinitionIeEnterpriseNumber in the IPFIX MIB module
[<a href="./rfc6615" title=""Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information Export"">RFC6615</a>].
isFlowKey: If this state parameter is present, this is a Flow Key
field.
This parameter is only available for non-Options Templates (i.e.,
if setId is 2).
isFlowKey: If this state parameter is present, this is a scope
field.
This parameter is only available for Options Templates (i.e., if
setId is 3).
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-5" href="#section-5">5</a>. Adaptation to Device Capabilities</span>
The configuration data model standardizes a superset of common IPFIX
and PSAMP configuration parameters. A typical Monitoring Device
implementation will not support the entire range of possible
configurations. Certain functions may not be supported, such as the
Collecting Process that does not exist on a Monitoring Device that is
conceived as Exporter only. The configuration of other functions may
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be subject to resource limitations or functional restrictions. For
example, the Cache size is typically limited according to the
available memory on the device. It is also possible that a
Monitoring Device implementation requires the configuration of
additional parameters that are not part of the configuration data
model in order to function properly.
YANG [<a href="./rfc6020" title=""YANG - A Data Modeling Language for the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)"">RFC6020</a>] offers several possibilities to restrict and adapt a
configuration data model. The current version of YANG defines the
concepts of features, deviations, and extensions.
The feature concept allows the author of a configuration data model
to make proportions of the model conditional in a manner that is
controlled by the device. Devices do not have to support these
conditional parts to conform to the model. If the NETCONF protocol
is used, features which are supported by the device are announced in
the <hello> message [<a href="./rfc6241" title=""Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)"">RFC6241</a>].
The configuration data model for IPFIX and PSAMP covers the
configuration of Exporters, Collectors, and devices that may act as
both. As Exporters and Collectors implement different functions, the
corresponding proportions of the model are conditional on the
following features:
exporter: If this feature is supported, Exporting Processes can be
configured.
collector: If this feature is supported, Collecting Processes can be
configured.
Exporters do not necessarily implement any Selection Processes,
Caches, or even Observation Points in particular cases. Therefore,
the corresponding proportions of the model are conditional on the
following feature:
meter: If this feature is supported, Observation Points, Selection
Processes, and Caches can be configured.
Additional features refer to different PSAMP Sampling and Filtering
methods as well as to the supported types of Caches:
psampSampCountBased: If this feature is supported, Sampling method
sampCountBased can be configured.
psampSampTimeBased: If this feature is supported, Sampling method
sampTimeBased can be configured.
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psampSampRandOutOfN: If this feature is supported, Sampling method
sampRandOutOfN can be configured.
psampSampUniProb: If this feature is supported, Sampling method
sampUniProb can be configured.
psampFilterMatch: If this feature is supported, Filtering method
filterMatch can be configured.
psampFilterHash: If this feature is supported, Filtering method
filterHash can be configured.
immediateCache: If this feature is supported, a Cache generating
PSAMP Packet Reports can be configured using the ImmediateCache
class.
timeoutCache: If this feature is supported, a Cache generating IPFIX
Flow Records can be configured using the TimeoutCache class.
naturalCache: If this feature is supported, a Cache generating IPFIX
Flow Records can be configured using the NaturalCache class.
permanentCache: If this feature is supported, a Cache generating
IPFIX Flow Records can be configured using the PermanentCache
class.
The following features concern the support of UDP and TCP as
transport protocols and the support of File Readers and File Writers:
udpTransport: If this feature is supported, UDP can be used as
transport protocol by Exporting Processes and Collecting
Processes.
tcpTransport: If this feature is supported, TCP can be used as
transport protocol by Exporting Processes and Collecting
Processes.
fileReader: If this feature is supported, File Readers can be
configured as part of Collecting Processes.
fileWriter: If this feature is supported, File Writers can be
configured as part of Exporting Processes.
The deviation concept enables a device to announce deviations from
the standard model using the "deviation" statement. For example, it
is possible to restrict the value range of a specific parameter or to
define that the configuration of a certain parameter is not supported
at all. Hence, deviations are typically used to specify limitations
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due to resource constraints or functional restrictions. Deviations
concern existing parameters of the original configuration data model
and must not be confused with model extensions. Model extensions are
specified with the "augment" statement and allow adding new
parameters to the original configuration data model.
If certain device-specific constraints cannot be formally specified
with YANG, they MUST be expressed with human-readable text using the
"description" statement. The provided information MUST enable the
user to define a configuration that is entirely supported by the
Monitoring Device. On the other hand, if a Monitoring Device is
configured, it MUST notify the user about any part of the
configuration that is not supported. The Monitoring Device MUST NOT
silently accept configuration data that cannot be completely
enforced. If the NETCONF protocol is used to send configuration data
to the Monitoring Device, the error handling is specified in the
NETCONF protocol specification [<a href="./rfc6241" title=""Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)"">RFC6241</a>].
Just like features, deviations and model extensions are announced in
NETCONF's <hello> message. A usage example of deviations is given in
<a href="#section-7.5">Section 7.5</a>.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-6" href="#section-6">6</a>. YANG Module of the IPFIX/PSAMP Configuration Data Model</span>
The YANG module specification of the configuration data model is
listed below. It makes use of the common YANG types defined in the
modules urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-yang-types and
urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-inet-types [<a href="./rfc6021" title=""Common YANG Data Types"">RFC6021</a>].
<CODE BEGINS> file "[email protected]"
module ietf-ipfix-psamp {
namespace "urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipfix-psamp";
prefix ipfix;
import ietf-yang-types { prefix yang; }
import ietf-inet-types { prefix inet; }
organization
"IETF IPFIX Working Group";
contact
"WG Web: <<a href="http://tools.ietf.org/wg/ipfix/">http://tools.ietf.org/wg/ipfix/</a>>
WG List: <ipfix@ietf.org>
WG Chair: Nevil Brownlee
<n.brownlee@auckland.ac.nz>
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WG Chair: Juergen Quittek
<quittek@neclab.eu>
Editor: Gerhard Muenz
<muenz@net.in.tum.de>";
description
"IPFIX/PSAMP Configuration Data Model
Copyright (c) 2012 IETF Trust and the persons identified as
the document authors. All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or
without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject
to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License
set forth in <a href="#section-4">Section 4</a>.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions
Relating to IETF Documents
(<a href="http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info">http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info</a>).";
revision 2012-09-05 {
description "Initial version";
reference "<a href="./rfc6728">RFC 6728</a>: Configuration Data Model for the IP Flow
Information Export (IPFIX) and Packet Sampling (PSAMP)
Protocols";
}
/*****************************************************************
* Features
*****************************************************************/
feature exporter {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device can be used as
an Exporter. Exporting Processes can be configured.";
}
feature collector {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device can be used as
a Collector. Collecting Processes can be configured.";
}
feature meter {
description "If supported, Observation Points, Selection
Processes, and Caches can be configured.";
}
feature psampSampCountBased {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports
count-based Sampling. The Selector method sampCountBased can
be configured.";
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}
feature psampSampTimeBased {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports
time-based Sampling. The Selector method sampTimeBased can
be configured.";
}
feature psampSampRandOutOfN {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports
random n-out-of-N Sampling. The Selector method
sampRandOutOfN can be configured.";
}
feature psampSampUniProb {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports
uniform probabilistic Sampling. The Selector method
sampUniProb can be configured.";
}
feature psampFilterMatch {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports
property match Filtering. The Selector method filterMatch
can be configured.";
}
feature psampFilterHash {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports
hash-based Filtering. The Selector method filterHash can be
configured.";
}
feature immediateCache {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports
Caches generating PSAMP Packet Reports by configuration with
immediateCache.";
}
feature timeoutCache {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports
Caches generating IPFIX Flow Records by configuration with
timeoutCache.";
}
feature naturalCache {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports
Caches generating IPFIX Flow Records by configuration with
naturalCache.";
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}
feature permanentCache {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports
Caches generating IPFIX Flow Records by configuration with
permanentCache.";
}
feature udpTransport {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports UDP
as the transport protocol.";
}
feature tcpTransport {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports TCP
as the transport protocol.";
}
feature fileReader {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports the
configuration of Collecting Processes as File Readers.";
}
feature fileWriter {
description "If supported, the Monitoring Device supports the
configuration of Exporting Processes as File Writers.";
}
/*****************************************************************
* Identities
*****************************************************************/
/*** Hash function identities ***/
identity hashFunction {
description "Base identity for all hash functions used for
hash-based packet Filtering. Identities derived from
this base are used by the leaf
/ipfix/selectionProcess/selector/filterHash/hashFunction.";
}
identity BOB {
base "hashFunction";
description "BOB hash function";
reference "<a href="./rfc5475#section-6.2.4.1">RFC 5475, Section 6.2.4.1</a>.";
}
identity IPSX {
base "hashFunction";
description "IPSX hash function";
reference "<a href="./rfc5475#section-6.2.4.1">RFC 5475, Section 6.2.4.1</a>.";
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}
identity CRC {
base "hashFunction";
description "CRC hash function";
reference "<a href="./rfc5475#section-6.2.4.1">RFC 5475, Section 6.2.4.1</a>.";
}
/*** Export mode identities ***/
identity exportMode {
description "Base identity for different usages of export
destinations configured for an Exporting Process.
Identities derived from this base are used by the leaf
/ipfix/exportingProcess/exportMode.";
}
identity parallel {
base "exportMode";
description "Parallel export of Data Records to all
destinations configured for the Exporting Process.";
}
identity loadBalancing {
base "exportMode";
description "Load-balancing between the different destinations
configured for the Exporting Process.";
}
identity fallback {
base "exportMode";
description "Export to the primary destination (i.e., the first
SCTP, UDP, TCP, or file destination configured for the
Exporting Process). If the export to the primary destination
fails, the Exporting Process tries to export to the secondary
destination. If the secondary destination fails as well, it
continues with the tertiary, etc.";
}
/*** Options type identities ***/
identity optionsType {
description "Base identity for report types exported with
options. Identities derived from this base are used by the leaf
/ipfix/exportingProcess/options/optionsType.";
}
identity meteringStatistics {
base "optionsType";
description "Metering Process Statistics.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-4.1">RFC 5101, Section 4.1</a>.";
}
identity meteringReliability {
base "optionsType";
description "Metering Process Reliability Statistics.";
<span class="grey">Muenz, et al. Standards Track [Page 61]</span><span id="page-62" ></span>
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reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-4.2">RFC 5101, Section 4.2</a>.";
}
identity exportingReliability {
base "optionsType";
description "Exporting Process Reliability
Statistics.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-4.3">RFC 5101, Section 4.3</a>.";
}
identity flowKeys {
base "optionsType";
description "Flow Keys.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-4.4">RFC 5101, Section 4.4</a>.";
}
identity selectionSequence {
base "optionsType";
description "Selection Sequence and Selector Reports.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5476">RFC 5476</a>, Sections <a href="#section-6.5.1">6.5.1</a> and <a href="#section-6.5.2">6.5.2</a>.";
}
identity selectionStatistics {
base "optionsType";
description "Selection Sequence Statistics Report.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5476">RFC 5476</a>, Sections <a href="#section-6.5.3">6.5.3</a>.";
}
identity accuracy {
base "optionsType";
description "Accuracy Report.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5476#section-6.5.4">RFC 5476, Section 6.5.4</a>.";
}
identity reducingRedundancy {
base "optionsType";
description "Enables the utilization of Options Templates to
reduce redundancy in the exported Data Records.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5473">RFC 5473</a>.";
}
identity extendedTypeInformation {
base "optionsType";
description "Export of extended type information for
enterprise-specific Information Elements used in the
exported Templates.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5610">RFC 5610</a>.";
}
/*****************************************************************
* Type definitions
*****************************************************************/
typedef ieNameType {
type string {
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length "1..max";
pattern "\S+";
}
description "Type for Information Element names. Whitespaces
are not allowed.";
}
typedef ieIdType {
type uint16 {
range "1..32767" {
description "Valid range of Information Element
identifiers.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5102#section-4">RFC 5102, Section 4</a>.";
}
}
description "Type for Information Element identifiers.";
}
typedef nameType {
type string {
length "1..max";
pattern "\S(.*\S)?";
}
description "Type for 'name' leafs, which are used to identify
specific instances within lists, etc.
Leading and trailing whitespaces are not allowed.";
}
typedef ifNameType {
type string {
length "1..255";
}
description "This corresponds to the DisplayString textual
convention of SNMPv2-TC, which is used for ifName in the IF
MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc2863">RFC 2863</a> (ifName).";
}
typedef direction {
type enumeration {
enum ingress {
description "This value is used for monitoring incoming
packets.";
}
enum egress {
description "This value is used for monitoring outgoing
packets.";
}
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enum both {
description "This value is used for monitoring incoming and
outgoing packets.";
}
}
description "Direction of packets going through an interface or
linecard.";
}
typedef transportSessionStatus {
type enumeration {
enum inactive {
description "This value MUST be used for Transport Sessions
that are specified in the system but currently not active.
The value can be used for Transport Sessions that are
backup (secondary) sessions.";
}
enum active {
description "This value MUST be used for Transport Sessions
that are currently active and transmitting or receiving
data.";
}
enum unknown {
description "This value MUST be used if the status of the
Transport Sessions cannot be detected by the device. This
value should be avoided as far as possible.";
}
}
description "Status of a Transport Session.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a> (ipfixTransportSessionStatus).";
}
/*****************************************************************
* Groupings
*****************************************************************/
grouping observationPointParameters {
description "Interface as input to Observation Point.";
leaf observationPointId {
type uint32;
config false;
description "Observation Point ID (i.e., the value of the
Information Element observationPointId) assigned by the
Monitoring Device.";
reference "IANA registry for IPFIX Entities,
<a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix">http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix</a>.";
}
leaf observationDomainId {
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type uint32;
mandatory true;
description "The Observation Domain ID associates the
Observation Point to an Observation Domain. Observation
Points with identical Observation Domain IDs belong to the
same Observation Domain.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixObservationPointObservationDomainId in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixObservationPointObservationDomainId).";
}
leaf-list ifName {
type ifNameType;
description "List of names identifying interfaces of the
Monitoring Device. The Observation Point observes packets at
the specified interfaces.";
}
leaf-list ifIndex {
type uint32;
description "List of ifIndex values pointing to entries in the
ifTable of the IF-MIB module maintained by the Monitoring
Device. The Observation Point observes packets at the
specified interfaces.
This parameter SHOULD only be used if an SNMP agent enables
access to the ifTable.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixObservationPointPhysicalInterface in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc2863">RFC 2863</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixObservationPointPhysicalInterface).";
}
leaf-list entPhysicalName {
type string;
description "List of names identifying physical entities of the
Monitoring Device. The Observation Point observes packets at
the specified entities.";
}
leaf-list entPhysicalIndex {
type uint32;
description "List of entPhysicalIndex values pointing to
entries in the entPhysicalTable of the ENTITY-MIB module
maintained by the Monitoring Device. The Observation Point
observes packets at the specified entities.
This parameter SHOULD only be used if an SNMP agent enables
access to the entPhysicalTable.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixObservationPointPhysicalEntity in the IPFIX MIB
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module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc4133">RFC 4133</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixObservationPointPhysicalInterface).";
}
leaf direction {
type direction;
default both;
description "Direction of packets. If not applicable (e.g., in
the case of a sniffing interface in promiscuous mode), this
parameter is ignored.";
}
}
grouping sampCountBasedParameters {
description "Configuration parameters of a Selector applying
systematic count-based packet Sampling to the packet
stream.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5475#section-5.1">RFC 5475, Section 5.1</a>; <a href="./rfc5476#section-6.5.2.1">RFC 5476, Section 6.5.2.1</a>.";
leaf packetInterval {
type uint32;
units packets;
mandatory true;
description "The number of packets that are consecutively
sampled between gaps of length packetSpace.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
samplingPacketInterval and to psampSampCountBasedInterval
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.2.2">RFC 5477, Section 8.2.2</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampSampCountBasedInterval).";
}
leaf packetSpace {
type uint32;
units packets;
mandatory true;
description "The number of unsampled packets between two
Sampling intervals.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
samplingPacketSpace and to psampSampCountBasedSpace
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.2.3">RFC 5477, Section 8.2.3</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampSampCountBasedSpace).";
}
}
grouping sampTimeBasedParameters {
description "Configuration parameters of a Selector applying
systematic time-based packet Sampling to the packet
stream.";
<span class="grey">Muenz, et al. Standards Track [Page 66]</span><span id="page-67" ></span>
<span class="grey"><a href="./rfc6728">RFC 6728</a> IPFIX/PSAMP Configuration Data Model October 2012</span>
reference "<a href="./rfc5475#section-5.1">RFC 5475, Section 5.1</a>; <a href="./rfc5476#section-6.5.2.2">RFC 5476, Section 6.5.2.2</a>.";
leaf timeInterval {
type uint32;
units microseconds;
mandatory true;
description "The time interval in microseconds during
which all arriving packets are sampled between gaps
of length timeSpace.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
samplingTimeInterval and to psampSampTimeBasedInterval
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.2.4">RFC 5477, Section 8.2.4</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampSampTimeBasedInterval).";
}
leaf timeSpace {
type uint32;
units microseconds;
mandatory true;
description "The time interval in microseconds during
which no packets are sampled between two Sampling
intervals specified by timeInterval.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
samplingTimeInterval and to psampSampTimeBasedSpace
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.2.5">RFC 5477, Section 8.2.5</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampSampTimeBasedSpace).";
}
}
grouping sampRandOutOfNParameters {
description "Configuration parameters of a Selector applying
n-out-of-N packet Sampling to the packet stream.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5475#section-5.2.1">RFC 5475, Section 5.2.1</a>; <a href="./rfc5476#section-6.5.2.3">RFC 5476, Section 6.5.2.3</a>.";
leaf size {
type uint32;
units packets;
mandatory true;
description "The number of elements taken from the parent
population.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
samplingSize and to psampSampRandOutOfNSize in the PSAMP
MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.2.6">RFC 5477, Section 8.2.6</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampSampRandOutOfNSize).";
}
leaf population {
type uint32;
units packets;
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mandatory true;
description "The number of elements in the parent
population.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
samplingPopulation and to psampSampRandOutOfNPopulation
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.2.7">RFC 5477, Section 8.2.7</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampSampRandOutOfNPopulation).";
}
}
grouping sampUniProbParameters {
description "Configuration parameters of a Selector applying
uniform probabilistic packet Sampling (with equal
probability per packet) to the packet stream.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5475#section-5.2.2.1">RFC 5475, Section 5.2.2.1</a>;
<a href="./rfc5476#section-6.5.2.4">RFC 5476, Section 6.5.2.4</a>.";
leaf probability {
type decimal64 {
fraction-digits 18;
range "0..1";
}
mandatory true;
description "Probability that a packet is sampled,
expressed as a value between 0 and 1. The probability
is equal for every packet.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
samplingProbability and to psampSampUniProbProbability
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.2.8">RFC 5477, Section 8.2.8</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampSampUniProbProbability).";
}
}
grouping filterMatchParameters {
description "Configuration parameters of a Selector applying
property match Filtering to the packet stream.
The field to be matched is specified as an Information
Element.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5475#section-6.1">RFC 5475, Section 6.1</a>; <a href="./rfc5476#section-6.5.2.5">RFC 5476, Section 6.5.2.5</a>.";
choice nameOrId {
mandatory true;
description "The field to be matched is specified by
either the name or the identifier of the Information
Element.";
leaf ieName {
type ieNameType;
description "Name of the Information Element.";
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}
leaf ieId {
type ieIdType;
description "Identifier of the Information Element.";
}
}
leaf ieEnterpriseNumber {
type uint32;
default 0;
description "If this parameter is zero, the Information
Element is registered in the IANA registry of IPFIX
Information Elements.
If this parameter is configured with a non-zero private
enterprise number, the Information Element is
enterprise-specific.";
reference "IANA registry for Private Enterprise Numbers,
<a href="http://www.iana">http://www.iana</a>.org/assignments/enterprise-numbers;
IANA registry for IPFIX Entities,
<a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix">http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix</a>.";
}
leaf value {
type string;
mandatory true;
description "Matching value of the Information Element.";
}
}
grouping filterHashParameters {
description "Configuration parameters of a Selector applying
hash-based Filtering to the packet stream.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5475#section-6.2">RFC 5475, Section 6.2</a>; <a href="./rfc5476#section-6.5.2.6">RFC 5476, Section 6.5.2.6</a>.";
leaf hashFunction {
type identityref {
base "hashFunction";
}
default BOB;
description "Hash function to be applied. According to
<a href="./rfc5475#section-6.2.4.1">RFC 5475, Section 6.2.4.1</a>, 'BOB' must be used in order to
be compliant with PSAMP.
This parameter functionally corresponds to
psampFiltHashFunction in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a> (psampFiltHashFunction)";
}
leaf initializerValue {
type uint64;
description "Initializer value to the hash function.
If not configured by the user, the Monitoring Device
arbitrarily chooses an initializer value.
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This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
hashInitialiserValue and to psampFiltHashInitializerValue
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.3.9">RFC 5477, Section 8.3.9</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampFiltHashInitializerValue).";
}
leaf ipPayloadOffset {
type uint64;
units octets;
default 0;
description "IP payload offset indicating the position of
the first payload byte considered as input to the hash
function.
Default value 0 corresponds to the minimum offset that
must be configurable according to <a href="./rfc5476#section-6.5.2.6">RFC 5476, Section </a>
<a href="#section-6.5.2.6">6.5.2.6</a>.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
hashIPPayloadOffset and to psampFiltHashIpPayloadOffset
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.3.2">RFC 5477, Section 8.3.2</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampFiltHashIpPayloadOffset).";
}
leaf ipPayloadSize {
type uint64;
units octets;
default 8;
description "Number of IP payload bytes used as input to
the hash function, counted from the payload offset.
If the IP payload is shorter than the payload range,
all available payload octets are used as input.
Default value 8 corresponds to the minimum IP payload
size that must be configurable according to <a href="./rfc5476#section-6.5.2.6">RFC 5476,
Section 6.5.2.6</a>.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
hashIPPayloadSize and to psampFiltHashIpPayloadSize
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.3.3">RFC 5477, Section 8.3.3</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampFiltHashIpPayloadSize).";
}
leaf digestOutput {
type boolean;
default false;
description "If true, the output from this Selector is
included in the Packet Report as a packet digest.
Therefore, the configured Cache Layout needs to contain
a digestHashValue field.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
hashDigestOutput.";
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<span class="grey"><a href="./rfc6728">RFC 6728</a> IPFIX/PSAMP Configuration Data Model October 2012</span>
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.3.8">RFC 5477, Section 8.3.8</a>.";
}
leaf outputRangeMin {
type uint64;
config false;
description "Beginning of the hash function's potential
range.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
hashOutputRangeMin and to psampFiltHashOutputRangeMin
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.3.4">RFC 5477, Section 8.3.4</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampFiltHashOutputRangeMin).";
}
leaf outputRangeMax {
type uint64;
config false;
description "End of the hash function's potential range.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
hashOutputRangeMax and to psampFiltHashOutputRangeMax
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.3.5">RFC 5477, Section 8.3.5</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampFiltHashOutputRangeMax).";
}
list selectedRange {
key name;
min-elements 1;
description "List of hash function return ranges for
which packets are selected.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
leaf min {
type uint64;
description "Beginning of the hash function's selected
range.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
hashSelectedRangeMin and to psampFiltHashSelectedRangeMin
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.3.6">RFC 5477, Section 8.3.6</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampFiltHashSelectedRangeMin).";
}
leaf max {
type uint64;
description "End of the hash function's selected range.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
hashSelectedRangeMax and to psampFiltHashSelectedRangeMax
in the PSAMP MIB module.";
<span class="grey">Muenz, et al. Standards Track [Page 71]</span><span id="page-72" ></span>
<span class="grey"><a href="./rfc6728">RFC 6728</a> IPFIX/PSAMP Configuration Data Model October 2012</span>
reference "<a href="./rfc5477#section-8.3.7">RFC 5477, Section 8.3.7</a>; <a href="./rfc6727#section-6">RFC 6727, Section 6</a>
(psampFiltHashSelectedRangeMax).";
}
}
}
grouping selectorParameters {
description "Configuration and state parameters of a Selector.";
choice Method {
mandatory true;
description "Packet selection method applied by the Selector.";
leaf selectAll {
type empty;
description "Method that selects all packets.";
}
container sampCountBased {
if-feature psampSampCountBased;
description "Systematic count-based packet Sampling.";
uses sampCountBasedParameters;
}
container sampTimeBased {
if-feature psampSampTimeBased;
description "Systematic time-based packet Sampling.";
uses sampTimeBasedParameters;
}
container sampRandOutOfN {
if-feature psampSampRandOutOfN;
description "n-out-of-N packet Sampling.";
uses sampRandOutOfNParameters;
}
container sampUniProb {
if-feature psampSampUniProb;
description "Uniform probabilistic packet Sampling.";
uses sampUniProbParameters;
}
container filterMatch {
if-feature psampFilterMatch;
description "Property match Filtering.";
uses filterMatchParameters;
}
container filterHash {
if-feature psampFilterHash;
description "Hash-based Filtering.";
uses filterHashParameters;
}
}
leaf packetsObserved {
type yang:counter64;
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config false;
description "The number of packets observed at the input of
the Selector.
If this is the first Selector in the Selection Process,
this counter corresponds to the total number of packets in
all Observed Packet Streams at the input of the Selection
Process. Otherwise, the counter corresponds to the total
number of packets at the output of the preceding Selector.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
selectorDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixSelectorStatsPacketsObserved in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixSelectorStatsPacketsObserved).";
}
leaf packetsDropped {
type yang:counter64;
config false;
description "The total number of packets discarded by the
Selector.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
selectorDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixSelectorStatsPacketsDropped in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixSelectorStatsPacketsDropped).";
}
leaf selectorDiscontinuityTime {
type yang:date-and-time;
config false;
description "Timestamp of the most recent occasion at which
one or more of the Selector counters suffered a
discontinuity.
Note that this parameter functionally corresponds to
ipfixSelectionProcessStatsDiscontinuityTime in the IPFIX
MIB module. In contrast to
ipfixSelectionProcessStatsDiscontinuityTime, the time is
absolute and not relative to sysUpTime.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixSelectionProcessStatsDiscontinuityTime).";
}
}
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grouping cacheLayoutParameters {
description "Cache Layout parameters used by immediateCache,
timeoutCache, naturalCache, and permanentCache.";
container cacheLayout {
description "Cache Layout parameters.";
list cacheField {
key name;
min-elements 1;
description "Superset of fields that are included in the
Packet Reports or Flow Records generated by the Cache.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
choice nameOrId {
mandatory true;
description "Name or identifier of the Information
Element.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5102#section-2">RFC 5102, Section 2</a>; IANA registry for IPFIX
Entities, <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix">http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix</a>.";
leaf ieName {
type ieNameType;
description "Name of the Information Element.";
}
leaf ieId {
type ieIdType;
description "Identifier of the Information Element.";
}
}
leaf ieLength {
type uint16;
units octets;
description "Length of the field in which the Information
Element is encoded. A value of 65535 specifies a
variable-length Information Element. For Information
Elements of integer and float type, the field length MAY
be set to a smaller value than the standard length of
the abstract data type if the rules of reduced size
encoding are fulfilled.
If not configured by the user, this parameter is set by
the Monitoring Device.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-6.2">RFC 5101, Section 6.2</a>.";
}
leaf ieEnterpriseNumber {
type uint32;
default 0;
description "If this parameter is zero, the Information
Element is registered in the IANA registry of IPFIX
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Information Elements.
If this parameter is configured with a non-zero private
enterprise number, the Information Element is
enterprise-specific.
If the enterprise number is set to 29305, this field
contains a Reverse Information Element. In this case,
the Cache MUST generate Data Records in accordance to
<a href="./rfc5103">RFC 5103</a>.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>; <a href="./rfc5103">RFC 5103</a>;
IANA registry for Private Enterprise Numbers,
<a href="http://www.iana">http://www.iana</a>.org/assignments/enterprise-numbers;
IANA registry for IPFIX Entities,
<a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix">http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix</a>.";
}
leaf isFlowKey {
when "(name(../../..) != 'immediateCache')
and
((count(../ieEnterpriseNumber) = 0)
or
(../ieEnterpriseNumber != 29305))" {
description "This parameter is not available for
Reverse Information Elements (which have enterprise
number 29305). It is also not available for
immediateCache.";
}
type empty;
description "If present, this is a flow key.";
}
}
}
}
grouping flowCacheParameters {
description "Configuration and state parameters of a Cache
generating Flow Records.";
leaf maxFlows {
type uint32;
units flows;
description "This parameter configures the maximum number of
Flows in the Cache, which is the maximum number of Flows
that can be measured simultaneously.
The Monitoring Device MUST ensure that sufficient resources
are available to store the configured maximum number of
Flows.
If the maximum number of Flows is measured, an additional
Flow can be measured only if an existing entry is removed.
However, traffic that pertains to existing Flows can
continue to be measured.";
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}
leaf activeTimeout {
when "(name(..) = 'timeoutCache') or
(name(..) = 'naturalCache')" {
description "This parameter is only available for
timeoutCache and naturalCache.";
}
type uint32;
units seconds;
description "This parameter configures the time in
seconds after which a Flow is expired even though packets
matching this Flow are still received by the Cache.
The parameter value zero indicates infinity, meaning that
there is no active timeout.
If not configured by the user, the Monitoring Device sets
this parameter.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessCacheActiveTimeout in the IPFIX
MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixMeteringProcessCacheActiveTimeout).";
}
leaf idleTimeout {
when "(name(..) = 'timeoutCache') or
(name(..) = 'naturalCache')" {
description "This parameter is only available for
timeoutCache and naturalCache.";
}
type uint32;
units seconds;
description "This parameter configures the time in
seconds after which a Flow is expired if no more packets
matching this Flow are received by the Cache.
The parameter value zero indicates infinity, meaning that
there is no idle timeout.
If not configured by the user, the Monitoring Device sets
this parameter.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessCacheIdleTimeout in the IPFIX
MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixMeteringProcessCacheIdleTimeout).";
}
leaf exportInterval {
when "name(..) = 'permanentCache'" {
description "This parameter is only available for
permanentCache.";
}
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type uint32;
units seconds;
description "This parameter configures the interval (in
seconds) for periodical export of Flow Records.
If not configured by the user, the Monitoring Device sets
this parameter.";
}
leaf activeFlows {
type yang:gauge32;
units flows;
config false;
description "The number of Flows currently active in this
Cache.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessCacheActiveFlows in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixMeteringProcessCacheActiveFlows).";
}
leaf unusedCacheEntries {
type yang:gauge32;
units flows;
config false;
description "The number of unused Cache entries in this
Cache.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessCacheUnusedCacheEntries in the IPFIX
MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixMeteringProcessCacheUnusedCacheEntries).";
}
}
grouping exportingProcessParameters {
description "Parameters of an Exporting Process.";
leaf exportingProcessId {
type uint32;
config false;
description "The identifier of the Exporting Process.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
exportingProcessId. Its occurrence helps to associate
Exporting Process parameters with Exporing Process
statistics exported by the Monitoring Device using the
Exporting Process Reliability Statistics Template as
defined by the IPFIX protocol specification.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-4.3">RFC 5101, Section 4.3</a>; IANA registry for IPFIX
Entities, <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix">http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix</a>.";
}
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leaf exportMode {
type identityref {
base "exportMode";
}
default parallel;
description "This parameter determines to which configured
destination(s) the incoming Data Records are exported.";
}
list destination {
key name;
min-elements 1;
description "List of export destinations.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
choice DestinationParameters {
mandatory true;
description "Configuration parameters depend on whether
SCTP, UDP, or TCP is used as transport protocol, and
whether the destination is a file.";
container sctpExporter {
description "SCTP parameters.";
uses sctpExporterParameters;
}
container udpExporter {
if-feature udpTransport;
description "UDP parameters.";
uses udpExporterParameters;
}
container tcpExporter {
if-feature tcpTransport;
description "TCP parameters.";
uses tcpExporterParameters;
}
container fileWriter {
if-feature fileWriter;
description "File Writer parameters.";
uses fileWriterParameters;
}
}
}
list options {
key name;
description "List of options reported by the Exporting
Process.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
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description "Key of this list.";
}
uses optionsParameters;
}
}
grouping commonExporterParameters {
description "Parameters of en export destination that are
common to all transport protocols.";
leaf ipfixVersion {
type uint16;
default 10;
description "IPFIX version number.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>.";
}
leaf destinationPort {
type inet:port-number;
description "If not configured by the user, the Monitoring
Device uses the default port number for IPFIX, which is
4739 without TLS or DTLS and 4740 if TLS or DTLS is
activated.";
}
choice indexOrName {
description "Index or name of the interface as stored in the
ifTable of IF-MIB.
If configured, the Exporting Process MUST use the given
interface to export IPFIX Messages to the export
destination.
If omitted, the Exporting Process selects the outgoing
interface based on local routing decision and accepts
return traffic, such as transport-layer acknowledgments,
on all available interfaces.";
reference "<a href="./rfc2863">RFC 2863</a>.";
leaf ifIndex {
type uint32;
description "Index of an interface as stored in the ifTable
of IF-MIB.";
reference "<a href="./rfc2863">RFC 2863</a>.";
}
leaf ifName {
type string;
description "Name of an interface as stored in the ifTable
of IF-MIB.";
reference "<a href="./rfc2863">RFC 2863</a>.";
}
}
leaf sendBufferSize {
type uint32;
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units bytes;
description "Size of the socket send buffer.
If not configured by the user, this parameter is set by
the Monitoring Device.";
}
leaf rateLimit {
type uint32;
units "bytes per second";
description "Maximum number of bytes per second the Exporting
Process may export to the given destination. The number of
bytes is calculated from the lengths of the IPFIX Messages
exported. If not configured, no rate limiting is performed.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5476#section-6.3">RFC 5476, Section 6.3</a>.";
}
container transportLayerSecurity {
presence "If transportLayerSecurity is present, DTLS is
enabled if the transport protocol is SCTP or UDP, and TLS
is enabled if the transport protocol is TCP.";
description "TLS or DTLS configuration.";
uses transportLayerSecurityParameters;
}
container transportSession {
config false;
description "State parameters of the Transport Session
directed to the given destination.";
uses transportSessionParameters;
}
}
grouping sctpExporterParameters {
description "SCTP-specific export destination parameters.";
uses commonExporterParameters;
leaf-list sourceIPAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
description "List of source IP addresses used by the
Exporting Process.
If configured, the specified addresses are eligible local
IP addresses of the multihomed SCTP endpoint.
If not configured, all locally assigned IP addresses are
eligible local IP addresses.";
reference "<a href="./rfc4960#section-6.4">RFC 4960, Section 6.4</a>.";
}
leaf-list destinationIPAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
min-elements 1;
description "One or more IP addresses of the Collecting
Process to which IPFIX Messages are sent.
The user MUST ensure that all configured IP addresses
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belong to the same Collecting Process.
The Exporting Process tries to establish an SCTP
association to any of the configured destination IP
addresses.";
reference "<a href="./rfc4960#section-6.4">RFC 4960, Section 6.4</a>.";
}
leaf timedReliability {
type uint32;
units milliseconds;
default 0;
description "Lifetime in milliseconds until an IPFIX
Message containing Data Sets only is 'abandoned' due to
the timed reliability mechanism of PR-SCTP.
If this parameter is set to zero, reliable SCTP
transport is used for all Data Records.
Regardless of the value of this parameter, the Exporting
Process MAY use reliable SCTP transport for Data Sets
associated with Options Templates.";
reference "<a href="./rfc3758">RFC 3758</a>; <a href="./rfc4960">RFC 4960</a>.";
}
}
grouping udpExporterParameters {
description "Parameters of a UDP export destination.";
uses commonExporterParameters;
leaf sourceIPAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
description "Source IP address used by the Exporting Process.
If not configured, the IP address assigned to the outgoing
interface is used as source IP address.";
}
leaf destinationIPAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
mandatory true;
description "IP address of the Collection Process to which
IPFIX Messages are sent.";
}
leaf maxPacketSize {
type uint16;
units octets;
description "This parameter specifies the maximum size of
IP packets sent to the Collector. If set to zero, the
Exporting Device MUST derive the maximum packet size
from path MTU discovery mechanisms.
If not configured by the user, this parameter is set by
the Monitoring Device.";
}
leaf templateRefreshTimeout {
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type uint32;
units seconds;
default 600;
description "Sets time after which Templates are resent in the
UDP Transport Session.
Note that the configured lifetime MUST be adapted to the
templateLifeTime parameter value at the receiving Collecting
Process.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshTimeout in the IPFIX
MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-10.3.6">RFC 5101, Section 10.3.6</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshTimeout).";
}
leaf optionsTemplateRefreshTimeout {
type uint32;
units seconds;
default 600;
description "Sets time after which Options Templates are
resent in the UDP Transport Session.
Note that the configured lifetime MUST be adapted to the
optionsTemplateLifeTime parameter value at the receiving
Collecting Process.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshTimeout in the
IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-10.3.6">RFC 5101, Section 10.3.6</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshTimeout).";
}
leaf templateRefreshPacket {
type uint32;
units "IPFIX Messages";
description "Sets number of IPFIX Messages after which
Templates are resent in the UDP Transport Session.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshPacket in the IPFIX
MIB module.
If omitted, Templates are only resent after timeout.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-10.3.6">RFC 5101, Section 10.3.6</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshPacket).";
}
leaf optionsTemplateRefreshPacket {
type uint32;
units "IPFIX Messages";
description "Sets number of IPFIX Messages after which
Options Templates are resent in the UDP Transport Session
protocol.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
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ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshPacket in the
IPFIX MIB module.
If omitted, Templates are only resent after timeout.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-10.3.6">RFC 5101, Section 10.3.6</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshPacket).";
}
}
grouping tcpExporterParameters {
description "Parameters of a TCP export destination.";
uses commonExporterParameters;
leaf sourceIPAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
description "Source IP address used by the Exporting Process.
If not configured by the user, this parameter is set by
the Monitoring Device to an IP address assigned to the
outgoing interface.";
}
leaf destinationIPAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
mandatory true;
description "IP address of the Collection Process to which
IPFIX Messages are sent.";
}
}
grouping fileWriterParameters {
description "File Writer parameters.";
leaf ipfixVersion {
type uint16;
default 10;
description "IPFIX version number.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>.";
}
leaf file {
type inet:uri;
mandatory true;
description "URI specifying the location of the file.";
}
leaf bytes {
type yang:counter64;
units octets;
config false;
description "The number of bytes written by the File Writer.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileWriterDiscontinuityTime.";
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}
leaf messages {
type yang:counter64;
units "IPFIX Messages";
config false;
description "The number of IPFIX Messages written by the File
Writer.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileWriterDiscontinuityTime.";
}
leaf discardedMessages {
type yang:counter64;
units "IPFIX Messages";
config false;
description "The number of IPFIX Messages that could not be
written by the File Writer due to internal buffer
overflows, limited storage capacity, etc.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileWriterDiscontinuityTime.";
}
leaf records {
type yang:counter64;
units "Data Records";
config false;
description "The number of Data Records written by the File
Writer.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileWriterDiscontinuityTime.";
}
leaf templates {
type yang:counter32;
units "Templates";
config false;
description "The number of Template Records (excluding
Options Template Records) written by the File Writer.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileWriterDiscontinuityTime.";
}
leaf optionsTemplates {
type yang:counter32;
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units "Options Templates";
config false;
description "The number of Options Template Records written
by the File Writer.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileWriterDiscontinuityTime.";
}
leaf fileWriterDiscontinuityTime {
type yang:date-and-time;
config false;
description "Timestamp of the most recent occasion at which
one or more File Writer counters suffered a discontinuity.
In contrast to discontinuity times in the IPFIX MIB module,
the time is absolute and not relative to sysUpTime.";
}
list template {
config false;
description "This list contains the Templates and Options
Templates that have been written by the File Reader.
Withdrawn or invalidated (Options) Templates MUST be removed
from this list.";
uses templateParameters;
}
}
grouping optionsParameters {
description "Parameters specifying the data export using an
Options Template.";
leaf optionsType {
type identityref {
base "optionsType";
}
mandatory true;
description "Type of the exported options data.";
}
leaf optionsTimeout {
type uint32;
units milliseconds;
description "Time interval for periodic export of the options
data. If set to zero, the export is triggered when the
options data has changed.
If not configured by the user, this parameter is set by the
Monitoring Device.";
}
}
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grouping collectingProcessParameters {
description "Parameters of a Collecting Process.";
list sctpCollector {
key name;
description "List of SCTP receivers (sockets) on which the
Collecting Process receives IPFIX Messages.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
uses sctpCollectorParameters;
}
list udpCollector {
if-feature udpTransport;
key name;
description "List of UDP receivers (sockets) on which the
Collecting Process receives IPFIX Messages.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
uses udpCollectorParameters;
}
list tcpCollector {
if-feature tcpTransport;
key name;
description "List of TCP receivers (sockets) on which the
Collecting Process receives IPFIX Messages.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
uses tcpCollectorParameters;
}
list fileReader {
if-feature fileReader;
key name;
description "List of File Readers from which the Collecting
Process reads IPFIX Messages.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
uses fileReaderParameters;
}
}
grouping commonCollectorParameters {
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description "Parameters of a Collecting Process that are
common to all transport protocols.";
leaf localPort {
type inet:port-number;
description "If not configured, the Monitoring Device uses the
default port number for IPFIX, which is 4739 without
TLS or DTLS and 4740 if TLS or DTLS is activated.";
}
container transportLayerSecurity {
presence "If transportLayerSecurity is present, DTLS is enabled
if the transport protocol is SCTP or UDP, and TLS is enabled
if the transport protocol is TCP.";
description "TLS or DTLS configuration.";
uses transportLayerSecurityParameters;
}
list transportSession {
config false;
description "This list contains the currently established
Transport Sessions terminating at the given socket.";
uses transportSessionParameters;
}
}
grouping sctpCollectorParameters {
description "Parameters of a listening SCTP socket at a
Collecting Process.";
uses commonCollectorParameters;
leaf-list localIPAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
description "List of local IP addresses on which the
Collecting Process listens for IPFIX Messages. The IP
addresses are used as eligible local IP addresses of the
multihomed SCTP endpoint.";
reference "<a href="./rfc4960#section-6.4">RFC 4960, Section 6.4</a>.";
}
}
grouping udpCollectorParameters {
description "Parameters of a listening UDP socket at a
Collecting Process.";
uses commonCollectorParameters;
leaf-list localIPAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
description "List of local IP addresses on which the Collecting
Process listens for IPFIX Messages.";
}
leaf templateLifeTime {
type uint32;
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units seconds;
default 1800;
description "Sets the lifetime of Templates for all UDP
Transport Sessions terminating at this UDP socket.
Templates that are not received again within the configured
lifetime become invalid at the Collecting Process.
As specified in <a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>, the Template lifetime MUST be at
least three times higher than the templateRefreshTimeout
parameter value configured on the corresponding Exporting
Processes.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshTimeout in the IPFIX
MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-10.3.7">RFC 5101, Section 10.3.7</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshTimeout).";
}
leaf optionsTemplateLifeTime {
type uint32;
units seconds;
default 1800;
description "Sets the lifetime of Options Templates for all
UDP Transport Sessions terminating at this UDP socket.
Options Templates that are not received again within the
configured lifetime become invalid at the Collecting
Process.
As specified in <a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>, the Options Template lifetime MUST
be at least three times higher than the
optionsTemplateRefreshTimeout parameter value configured on
the corresponding Exporting Processes.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshTimeout in the
IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-10.3.7">RFC 5101, Section 10.3.7</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshTimeout).";
}
leaf templateLifePacket {
type uint32;
units "IPFIX Messages";
description "If this parameter is configured, Templates
defined in a UDP Transport Session become invalid if they
are neither included in a sequence of more than this number
of IPFIX Messages nor received again within the period of
time specified by templateLifeTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshPacket in the IPFIX
MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-10.3.7">RFC 5101, Section 10.3.7</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionTemplateRefreshPacket).";
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}
leaf optionsTemplateLifePacket {
type uint32;
units "IPFIX Messages";
description "If this parameter is configured, Options
Templates defined in a UDP Transport Session become
invalid if they are neither included in a sequence of more
than this number of IPFIX Messages nor received again
within the period of time specified by
optionsTemplateLifeTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshPacket in the
IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101#section-10.3.7">RFC 5101, Section 10.3.7</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplateRefreshPacket).";
}
}
grouping tcpCollectorParameters {
description "Parameters of a listening TCP socket at a
Collecting Process.";
uses commonCollectorParameters;
leaf-list localIPAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
description "List of local IP addresses on which the Collecting
Process listens for IPFIX Messages.";
}
}
grouping fileReaderParameters {
description "File Reader parameters.";
leaf file {
type inet:uri;
mandatory true;
description "URI specifying the location of the file.";
}
leaf bytes {
type yang:counter64;
units octets;
config false;
description "The number of bytes read by the File Reader.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileReaderDiscontinuityTime.";
}
leaf messages {
type yang:counter64;
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units "IPFIX Messages";
config false;
description "The number of IPFIX Messages read by the File
Reader.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileReaderDiscontinuityTime.";
}
leaf records {
type yang:counter64;
units "Data Records";
config false;
description "The number of Data Records read by the File
Reader.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileReaderDiscontinuityTime.";
}
leaf templates {
type yang:counter32;
units "Templates";
config false;
description "The number of Template Records (excluding
Options Template Records) read by the File Reader.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileReaderDiscontinuityTime.";
}
leaf optionsTemplates {
type yang:counter32;
units "Options Templates";
config false;
description "The number of Options Template Records read by
the File Reader.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
fileReaderDiscontinuityTime.";
}
leaf fileReaderDiscontinuityTime {
type yang:date-and-time;
config false;
description "Timestamp of the most recent occasion at which
one or more File Reader counters suffered a discontinuity.
In contrast to discontinuity times in the IPFIX MIB module,
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the time is absolute and not relative to sysUpTime.";
}
list template {
config false;
description "This list contains the Templates and Options
Templates that have been read by the File Reader.
Withdrawn or invalidated (Options) Template MUST be removed
from this list.";
uses templateParameters;
}
}
grouping transportLayerSecurityParameters {
description "TLS or DTLS parameters.";
leaf-list localCertificationAuthorityDN {
type string;
description "Distinguished names of certification authorities
whose certificates may be used to identify the local
endpoint.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5280">RFC 5280</a>.";
}
leaf-list localSubjectDN {
type string;
description "Distinguished names that may be used in the
certificates to identify the local endpoint.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5280">RFC 5280</a>.";
}
leaf-list localSubjectFQDN {
type inet:domain-name;
description "Fully qualified domain names that may be used to
in the certificates to identify the local endpoint.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5280">RFC 5280</a>.";
}
leaf-list remoteCertificationAuthorityDN {
type string;
description "Distinguished names of certification authorities
whose certificates are accepted to authorize remote
endpoints.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5280">RFC 5280</a>.";
}
leaf-list remoteSubjectDN {
type string;
description "Distinguished names which are accepted in
certificates to authorize remote endpoints.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5280">RFC 5280</a>.";
}
leaf-list remoteSubjectFQDN {
type inet:domain-name;
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description "Fully qualified domain names that are accepted in
certificates to authorize remote endpoints.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5280">RFC 5280</a>.";
}
}
grouping templateParameters {
description "State parameters of a Template used by an Exporting
Process or received by a Collecting Process in a specific
Transport Session. Parameter names and semantics correspond to
the managed objects in IPFIX-MIB";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a> (ipfixTemplateEntry,
ipfixTemplateDefinitionEntry, ipfixTemplateStatsEntry)";
leaf observationDomainId {
type uint32;
description "The ID of the Observation Domain for which this
Template is defined.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTemplateObservationDomainId in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTemplateObservationDomainId).";
}
leaf templateId {
type uint16 {
range "256..65535" {
description "Valid range of Template IDs.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>";
}
}
description "This number indicates the Template ID in the IPFIX
message.
Note that this parameter corresponds to ipfixTemplateId in
the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a> (ipfixTemplateId).";
}
leaf setId {
type uint16;
description "This number indicates the Set ID of the Template.
Currently, there are two values defined. The value 2 is used
for Sets containing Template definitions. The value 3 is
used for Sets containing Options Template definitions.
Note that this parameter corresponds to ipfixTemplateSetId
in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a> (ipfixTemplateSetId).";
}
leaf accessTime {
type yang:date-and-time;
description "Used for Exporting Processes, this parameter
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contains the time when this (Options) Template was last
sent to the Collector(s) or written to the file.
Used for Collecting Processes, this parameter contains the
time when this (Options) Template was last received from the
Exporter or read from the file.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTemplateAccessTime in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a> (ipfixTemplateAccessTime).";
}
leaf templateDataRecords {
type yang:counter64;
description "The number of transmitted or received Data
Records defined by this (Options) Template.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
templateDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTemplateDataRecords in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a> (ipfixTemplateDataRecords).";
}
leaf templateDiscontinuityTime {
type yang:date-and-time;
description "Timestamp of the most recent occasion at which
the counter templateDataRecords suffered a discontinuity.
Note that this parameter functionally corresponds to
ipfixTemplateDiscontinuityTime in the IPFIX MIB module.
In contrast to ipfixTemplateDiscontinuityTime, the time
is absolute and not relative to sysUpTime.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTemplateDiscontinuityTime).";
}
list field {
description "This list contains the (Options) Template
fields of which the (Options) Template is defined.
The order of the list corresponds to the order of the fields
in the (Option) Template Record.";
leaf ieId {
type ieIdType;
description "This parameter indicates the Information
Element identifier of the field.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTemplateDefinitionIeId in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTemplateDefinitionIeId).";
}
leaf ieLength {
type uint16;
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units octets;
description "This parameter indicates the length of the
Information Element of the field.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTemplateDefinitionIeLength in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTemplateDefinitionIeLength).";
}
leaf ieEnterpriseNumber {
type uint32;
description "This parameter indicates the IANA enterprise
number of the authority defining the Information Element
identifier.
If the Information Element is not enterprise-specific,
this state parameter is zero.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTemplateDefinitionIeEnterpriseNumber in the IPFIX
MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTemplateDefinitionIeEnterpriseNumber);
IANA registry for Private Enterprise Numbers,
<a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/enterprise-numbers">http://www.iana.org/assignments/enterprise-numbers</a>.";
}
leaf isFlowKey {
when "../../setId = 2" {
description "This parameter is available for non-Options
Templates (Set ID is 2).";
}
type empty;
description "If present, this is a Flow Key field.
Note that this corresponds to flowKey(1) being set in
ipfixTemplateDefinitionFlags.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTemplateDefinitionFlags).";
}
leaf isScope {
when "../../setId = 3" {
description "This parameter is available for Options
Templates (Set ID is 3).";
}
type empty;
description "If present, this is a scope field.
Note that this corresponds to scope(0) being set in
ipfixTemplateDefinitionFlags.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTemplateDefinitionFlags).";
}
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}
}
grouping transportSessionParameters {
description "State parameters of a Transport Session originating
from an Exporting Process or terminating at a Collecting
Process. Parameter names and semantics correspond to the
managed objects in IPFIX-MIB.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>; <a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionEntry,
ipfixTransportSessionStatsEntry).";
leaf ipfixVersion {
type uint16;
description "Used for Exporting Processes, this parameter
contains the version number of the IPFIX protocol that the
Exporter uses to export its data in this Transport Session.
Hence, it is identical to the value of the configuration
parameter ipfixVersion of the outer SctpExporter,
UdpExporter, or TcpExporter node.
Used for Collecting Processes, this parameter contains the
version number of the IPFIX protocol it receives for
this Transport Session. If IPFIX Messages of different
IPFIX protocol versions are received, this parameter
contains the maximum version number.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionIpfixVersion in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionIpfixVersion).";
}
leaf sourceAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
description "The source address of the Exporter of the
IPFIX Transport Session.
If the transport protocol is SCTP, this is one of the
potentially many IP addresses of the Exporter.
Preferably, the source IP address of the path that is
usually selected by the Exporter to send IPFIX Messages to
the Collector SHOULD be used.
Note that this parameter functionally corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionSourceAddressType and
ipfixTransportSessionSourceAddress in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionSourceAddressType,
ipfixTransportSessionSourceAddress);
<a href="./rfc4960#section-6.4">RFC 4960, Section 6.4</a>.";
}
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leaf destinationAddress {
type inet:ip-address;
description "The destination address of the Collector of
the IPFIX Transport Session.
If the transport protocol is SCTP, this is one of the
potentially many IP addresses of the Collector.
Preferably, the destination IP address of the path that is
usually selected by the Exporter to send IPFIX Messages to
the Collector SHOULD be used.
Note that this parameter functionally corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionDestinationAddressType and
ipfixTransportSessionDestinationAddress in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionDestinationAddressType,
ipfixTransportSessionDestinationAddress);
<a href="./rfc4960#section-6.4">RFC 4960, Section 6.4</a>.";
}
leaf sourcePort {
type inet:port-number;
description "The transport-protocol port number of the
Exporter of the IPFIX Transport Session.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionSourcePort in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionSourcePort).";
}
leaf destinationPort {
type inet:port-number;
description "The transport-protocol port number of the
Collector of the IPFIX Transport Session.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionDestinationPort in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionDestinationPort).";
}
leaf sctpAssocId {
type uint32;
description "The association ID used for the SCTP session
between the Exporter and the Collector of the IPFIX
Transport Session. It is equal to the sctpAssocId entry
in the sctpAssocTable defined in the SCTP-MIB.
This parameter is only available if the transport protocol
is SCTP and if an SNMP agent on the same Monitoring Device
enables access to the corresponding MIB objects in the
sctpAssocTable.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
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ipfixTransportSessionSctpAssocId in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionSctpAssocId);
<a href="./rfc3871">RFC 3871</a>";
}
leaf status {
type transportSessionStatus;
description "Status of the Transport Session.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionStatus in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a> (ipfixTransportSessionStatus).";
}
leaf rate {
type yang:gauge32;
units "bytes per second";
description "The number of bytes per second transmitted by the
Exporting Process or received by the Collecting Process.
This parameter is updated every second.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionRate in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a> (ipfixTransportSessionRate).";
}
leaf bytes {
type yang:counter64;
units bytes;
description "The number of bytes transmitted by the
Exporting Process or received by the Collecting Process.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
transportSessionDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionBytes in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a> (ipfixTransportSessionBytes).";
}
leaf messages {
type yang:counter64;
units "IPFIX Messages";
description "The number of messages transmitted by the
Exporting Process or received by the Collecting Process.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
transportSessionDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionMessages in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
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(ipfixTransportSessionMessages).";
}
leaf discardedMessages {
type yang:counter64;
units "IPFIX Messages";
description "Used for Exporting Processes, this parameter
indicates the number of messages that could not be sent due
to internal buffer overflows, network congestion, routing
issues, etc. Used for Collecting Process, this parameter
indicates the number of received IPFIX Message that are
malformed, cannot be decoded, are received in the wrong
order or are missing according to the sequence number.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
transportSessionDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionDiscardedMessages in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionDiscardedMessages).";
}
leaf records {
type yang:counter64;
units "Data Records";
description "The number of Data Records transmitted by the
Exporting Process or received by the Collecting Process.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
transportSessionDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionRecords in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionRecords).";
}
leaf templates {
type yang:counter32;
units "Templates";
description "The number of Templates transmitted by the
Exporting Process or received by the Collecting Process.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
transportSessionDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionTemplates in the IPFIX MIB module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
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(ipfixTransportSessionTemplates).";
}
leaf optionsTemplates {
type yang:counter32;
units "Options Templates";
description "The number of Option Templates transmitted by the
Exporting Process or received by the Collecting Process.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
transportSessionDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplates in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionOptionsTemplates).";
}
leaf transportSessionStartTime {
type yang:date-and-time;
description "Timestamp of the start of the given Transport
Session.
This state parameter does not correspond to any object in
the IPFIX MIB module.";
}
leaf transportSessionDiscontinuityTime {
type yang:date-and-time;
description "Timestamp of the most recent occasion at which
one or more of the Transport Session counters suffered a
discontinuity.
Note that this parameter functionally corresponds to
ipfixTransportSessionDiscontinuityTime in the IPFIX MIB
module. In contrast to
ipfixTransportSessionDiscontinuityTime, the time is
absolute and not relative to sysUpTime.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixTransportSessionDiscontinuityTime).";
}
list template {
description "This list contains the Templates and Options
Templates that are transmitted by the Exporting Process
or received by the Collecting Process.
Withdrawn or invalidated (Options) Templates MUST be removed
from this list.";
uses templateParameters;
}
}
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/*****************************************************************
* Main container
*****************************************************************/
container ipfix {
description "Top-level node of the IPFIX/PSAMP configuration
data model.";
list collectingProcess {
if-feature collector;
key name;
description "Collecting Process of the Monitoring Device.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
uses collectingProcessParameters;
leaf-list exportingProcess {
if-feature exporter;
type leafref { path "/ipfix/exportingProcess/name"; }
description "Export of received records without any
modifications. Records are processed by all Exporting
Processes in the list.";
}
}
list observationPoint {
if-feature meter;
key name;
description "Observation Point of the Monitoring Device.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
uses observationPointParameters;
leaf-list selectionProcess {
type leafref { path "/ipfix/selectionProcess/name"; }
description "Selection Processes in this list process
packets in parallel.";
}
}
list selectionProcess {
if-feature meter;
key name;
description "Selection Process of the Monitoring Device.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
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}
list selector {
key name;
min-elements 1;
ordered-by user;
description "List of Selectors that define the action of the
Selection Process on a single packet. The Selectors are
serially invoked in the same order as they appear in this
list.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
uses selectorParameters;
}
list selectionSequence {
config false;
description "This list contains the Selection Sequence IDs
that are assigned by the Monitoring Device to distinguish
different Selection Sequences passing through the
Selection Process.
As Selection Sequence IDs are unique per Observation
Domain, the corresponding Observation Domain IDs are
included as well.
With this information, it is possible to associate
Selection Sequence (Statistics) Report Interpretations
exported according to the PSAMP protocol with a Selection
Process in the configuration data.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5476">RFC 5476</a>.";
leaf observationDomainId {
type uint32;
description "Observation Domain ID for which the
Selection Sequence ID is assigned.";
}
leaf selectionSequenceId {
type uint64;
description "Selection Sequence ID used in the Selection
Sequence (Statistics) Report Interpretation.";
}
}
leaf cache {
type leafref { path "/ipfix/cache/name"; }
description "Cache that receives the output of the
Selection Process.";
}
}
list cache {
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if-feature meter;
key name;
description "Cache of the Monitoring Device.";
leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
leaf meteringProcessId {
type uint32;
config false;
description "The identifier of the Metering Process this
Cache belongs to.
This parameter corresponds to the Information Element
meteringProcessId. Its occurrence helps to associate
Cache parameters with Metering Process statistics
exported by the Monitoring Device using the Metering
Process (Reliability) Statistics Template as
defined by the IPFIX protocol specification.";
reference "<a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>, Sections <a href="#section-4.1">4.1</a> and <a href="#section-4.2">4.2</a>;
IANA registry for IPFIX Entities,
<a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix">http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix</a>.";
}
leaf dataRecords {
type yang:counter64;
units "Data Records";
config false;
description "The number of Data Records generated by this
Cache.
Discontinuities in the value of this counter can occur at
re-initialization of the management system, and at other
times as indicated by the value of
cacheDiscontinuityTime.
Note that this parameter corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessDataRecords in the IPFIX MIB
module.";
reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixMeteringProcessDataRecords).";
}
leaf cacheDiscontinuityTime {
type yang:date-and-time;
config false;
description "Timestamp of the most recent occasion at which
the counter dataRecords suffered a discontinuity.
Note that this parameter functionally corresponds to
ipfixMeteringProcessDiscontinuityTime in the IPFIX MIB
module. In contrast to
ipfixMeteringProcessDiscontinuityTime, the time is
absolute and not relative to sysUpTime.";
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reference "<a href="./rfc6615#section-8">RFC 6615, Section 8</a>
(ipfixMeteringProcessDiscontinuityTime).";
}
choice CacheType {
mandatory true;
description "Type of Cache and specific parameters.";
container immediateCache {
if-feature immediateCache;
description "Flow expiration after the first packet;
generation of Packet Records.";
uses cacheLayoutParameters;
}
container timeoutCache {
if-feature timeoutCache;
description "Flow expiration after active and idle
timeout; generation of Flow Records.";
uses flowCacheParameters;
uses cacheLayoutParameters;
}
container naturalCache {
if-feature naturalCache;
description "Flow expiration after active and idle
timeout, or on natural termination (e.g., TCP FIN or
TCP RST) of the Flow; generation of Flow Records.";
uses flowCacheParameters;
uses cacheLayoutParameters;
}
container permanentCache {
if-feature permanentCache;
description "No flow expiration, periodical export with
time interval exportInterval; generation of Flow
Records.";
uses flowCacheParameters;
uses cacheLayoutParameters;
}
}
leaf-list exportingProcess {
if-feature exporter;
type leafref { path "/ipfix/exportingProcess/name"; }
description "Records are exported by all Exporting Processes
in the list.";
}
}
list exportingProcess {
if-feature exporter;
key name;
description "Exporting Process of the Monitoring Device.";
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leaf name {
type nameType;
description "Key of this list.";
}
uses exportingProcessParameters;
}
}
}
<CODE ENDS>
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-7" href="#section-7">7</a>. Examples</span>
This section shows example configurations conforming to the YANG
module specified in <a href="#section-6">Section 6</a>.
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-7.1" href="#section-7.1">7.1</a>. PSAMP Device</span>
This configuration example configures two Observation Points
capturing ingress traffic at eth0 and all traffic at eth1. Both
Observed Packet Streams enter two different Selection Processes. The
first Selection Process implements a Composite Selector of a filter
for UDP packets and a random sampler. The second Selection Process
implements a Primitive Selector of an ICMP filter. The Selected
Packet Streams of both Selection Processes enter the same Cache. The
Cache generates a PSAMP Packet Report for every selected packet.
The associated Exporting Process exports to a Collector using PR-SCTP
and DTLS. The TLS/DTLS parameters specify that the collector must
supply a certificate for the FQDN collector.example.net. Valid
certificates from any certification authority will be accepted. As
the destination transport port is omitted, the standard IPFIX-over-
DTLS port 4740 is used.
The parameters of the Selection Processes are reported as Selection
Sequence Report Interpretations and Selector Report Interpretations
[<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>]. There will be two Selection Sequence Report
Interpretations per Selection Process, one for each Observation
Point. Selection Sequence Statistics Report Interpretations are
exported every 30 seconds (30000 milliseconds).
<ipfix xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipfix-psamp">
<observationPoint>
<name>OP at eth0 (ingress)</name>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<ifName>eth0</ifName>
<direction>ingress</direction>
<selectionProcess>Sampled UDP packets</selectionProcess>
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<selectionProcess>ICMP packets</selectionProcess>
</observationPoint>
<observationPoint>
<name>OP at eth1</name>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<ifName>eth1</ifName>
<selectionProcess>Sampled UDP packets</selectionProcess>
<selectionProcess>ICMP packets</selectionProcess>
</observationPoint>
<selectionProcess>
<name>Sampled UDP packets</name>
<selector>
<name>UDP filter</name>
<filterMatch>
<ieId>4</ieId>
<value>17</value>
</filterMatch>
</selector>
<selector>
<name>10-out-of-100 sampler</name>
<sampRandOutOfN>
<size>10</size>
<population>100</population>
</sampRandOutOfN>
</selector>
<cache>PSAMP cache</cache>
</selectionProcess>
<selectionProcess>
<name>ICMP packets</name>
<selector>
<name>ICMP filter</name>
<filterMatch>
<ieId>4</ieId>
<value>1</value>
</filterMatch>
</selector>
<cache>PSAMP cache</cache>
</selectionProcess>
<cache>
<name>PSAMP cache</name>
<immediateCache>
<cacheLayout>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 1: ipHeaderPacketSection</name>
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<ieId>313</ieId>
<ieLength>64</ieLength>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 2: observationTimeMilliseconds</name>
<ieId>322</ieId>
</cacheField>
</cacheLayout>
</immediateCache>
<exportingProcess>The only exporter</exportingProcess>
</cache>
<exportingProcess>
<name>The only exporter</name>
<destination>
<name>PR-SCTP collector</name>
<sctpExporter>
<destinationIPAddress>192.0.2.1</destinationIPAddress>
<rateLimit>1000000</rateLimit>
<timedReliability>500</timedReliability>
<transportLayerSecurity>
<remoteSubjectFQDN>coll-1.example.net</remoteSubjectFQDN>
</transportLayerSecurity>
</sctpExporter>
</destination>
<options>
<name>Options 1</name>
<optionsType>selectionSequence</optionsType>
<optionsTimeout>0</optionsTimeout>
</options>
<options>
<name>Options 2</name>
<optionsType>selectionStatistics</optionsType>
<optionsTimeout>30000</optionsTimeout>
</options>
</exportingProcess>
</ipfix>
The above configuration results in one Template and six Options
Templates. For the remainder of the example, we assume Template ID
256 for the Template and Template IDs 257 to 262 for the Options
Templates. The Template is used to export the Packet Reports and has
the following fields:
Template ID: 256
ipHeaderPacketSection (elementId = 313, length = 64)
observationTimeMilliseconds (elementId = 322, length = 8)
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Two Options Templates are used for the Selection Sequence Report
Interpretations. The first one has one selectorId field and is used
for the Selection Process "ICMP packets". The second one has two
selectorId fields to describe the two selectors of the Selection
Process "Sampled UDP packets".
Template ID: 257
Scope: selectionSequenceId (elementId = 301, length = 8)
observationPointId (elementId = 138, length = 4)
selectorId (elementId = 302, length = 4)
Template ID: 258
Scope: selectionSequenceId (elementId = 301, length = 8)
observationPointId (elementId = 138, length = 4)
selectorId (elementId = 302, length = 4)
selectorId (elementId = 302, length = 4)
Another Options Template is used to carry the Property Match
Filtering Selector Report Interpretation for the Selectors "UDP
filter" and "ICMP filter":
Template ID: 259
Scope: selectorId (elementId = 302, length = 4)
selectorAlgorithm (elementId = 304, length = 2)
protocolIdentifier (elementId = 4, length = 1)
Yet another Options Template is used to carry the Random n-out-of-N
Sampling Selector Report Interpretation for the Selector "10-out-of-
100 sampler":
Template ID: 260
Scope: selectorId (elementId = 302, length = 4)
selectorAlgorithm (elementId = 304, length = 2)
samplingSize (elementId = 319, length = 4)
samplingPopulation (elementId = 310, length = 4)
The last two Options Template are used to carry the Selection
Sequence Statistics Report Interpretation for the Selection
Processes, containing the statistics for one and two Selectors,
respectively:
Template ID: 261
Scope: selectionSequenceId (elementId = 301, length = 8)
selectorIdTotalPktsObserved (elementId = 318, length = 8)
selectorIdTotalPktsSelected (elementId = 319, length = 8)
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Template ID: 262
Scope: selectionSequenceId (elementId = 301, length = 8)
selectorIdTotalPktsObserved (elementId = 318, length = 8)
selectorIdTotalPktsSelected (elementId = 319, length = 8)
selectorIdTotalPktsObserved (elementId = 318, length = 8)
selectorIdTotalPktsSelected (elementId = 319, length = 8)
After a short runtime, 100 packets have been observed at the two
Observation Points, including 20 UDP and 5 ICMP packets. 3 of the UDP
packets are selected by the random sampler, which results in a total
of 8 Packet Reports generated by the Cache. Under these
circumstances, the complete configuration and state data of the PSAMP
Device may look as follows:
<ipfix xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipfix-psamp">
<observationPoint>
<name>OP at eth0 (ingress)</name>
<observationPointId>1</observationPointId>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<ifName>eth0</ifName>
<direction>ingress</direction>
<selectionProcess>Sampled UDP packets</selectionProcess>
<selectionProcess>ICMP packets</selectionProcess>
</observationPoint>
<observationPoint>
<name>OP at eth1</name>
<observationPointId>2</observationPointId>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<ifName>eth1</ifName>
<direction>both</direction>
<selectionProcess>Sampled UDP packets</selectionProcess>
<selectionProcess>ICMP packets</selectionProcess>
</observationPoint>
<selectionProcess>
<name>Sampled UDP packets</name>
<selector>
<name>UDP filter</name>
<filterMatch>
<ieId>4</ieId>
<value>17</value>
</filterMatch>
<packetsObserved>100</packetsObserved>
<packetsDropped>80</packetsDropped>
<selectorDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:00.00Z
</selectorDiscontinuityTime>
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</selector>
<selector>
<name>10-out-of-100 sampler</name>
<sampRandOutOfN>
<size>10</size>
<population>100</population>
</sampRandOutOfN>
<packetsObserved>20</packetsObserved>
<packetsDropped>17</packetsDropped>
<selectorDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:00.00Z
</selectorDiscontinuityTime>
</selector>
<selectionSequence>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<selectionSequenceId>1</selectionSequenceId>
</selectionSequence>
<selectionSequence>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<selectionSequenceId>2</selectionSequenceId>
</selectionSequence>
<cache>PSAMP cache</cache>
</selectionProcess>
<selectionProcess>
<name>ICMP packets</name>
<selector>
<name>ICMP filter</name>
<filterMatch>
<ieId>4</ieId>
<value>1</value>
</filterMatch>
<packetsObserved>100</packetsObserved>
<packetsDropped>95</packetsDropped>
<selectorDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:00.00Z
</selectorDiscontinuityTime>
</selector>
<selectionSequence>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<selectionSequenceId>3</selectionSequenceId>
</selectionSequence>
<selectionSequence>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<selectionSequenceId>4</selectionSequenceId>
</selectionSequence>
<cache>PSAMP cache</cache>
</selectionProcess>
<cache>
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<name>PSAMP cache</name>
<meteringProcessId>1</meteringProcessId>
<immediateCache>
<cacheLayout>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 1: ipHeaderPacketSection</name>
<ieId>313</ieId>
<ieLength>64</ieLength>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 2: observationTimeMilliseconds</name>
<ieId>322</ieId>
</cacheField>
</cacheLayout>
</immediateCache>
<dataRecords>8</dataRecords>
<cacheDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:00.00Z
</cacheDiscontinuityTime>
<exportingProcess>The only exporter</exportingProcess>
</cache>
<exportingProcess>
<name>The only exporter</name>
<exportingProcessId>1</exportingProcessId>
<exportMode>parallel</exportMode>
<destination>
<name>PR-SCTP collector</name>
<sctpExporter>
<ipfixVersion>10</ipfixVersion>
<destinationIPAddress>192.0.2.1</destinationIPAddress>
<destinationPort>4740</destinationPort>
<sendBufferSize>32768</sendBufferSize>
<rateLimit>1000000</rateLimit>
<timedReliability>500</timedReliability>
<transportLayerSecurity>
<remoteSubjectFQDN>coll-1.example.net</remoteSubjectFQDN>
</transportLayerSecurity>
<transportSession>
<ipfixVersion>10</ipfixVersion>
<sourceAddress>192.0.2.100</sourceAddress>
<destinationAddress>192.0.2.1</destinationAddress>
<sourcePort>45687</sourcePort>
<destinationPort>4740</destinationPort>
<sctpAssocId>1</sctpAssocId>
<status>active</status>
<rate>230</rate>
<bytes>978</bytes>
<messages>3</messages>
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<records>19</records>
<templates>1</templates>
<optionsTemplates>6</optionsTemplates>
<transportSessionStartTime>2010-03-15T00:00:00.50Z
</transportSessionStartTime>
<template>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<templateId>256</templateId>
<setId>2</setId>
<accessTime>2010-03-15T00:00:02.15Z</accessTime>
<templateDataRecords>8</templateDataRecords>
<templateDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:01.10Z
</templateDiscontinuityTime>
<field>
<ieId>313</ieId>
<ieLength>64</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>154</ieId>
<ieLength>4</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
</template>
<template>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<templateId>257</templateId>
<setId>3</setId>
<accessTime>2010-03-15T00:00:02.15Z</accessTime>
<templateDataRecords>2</templateDataRecords>
<templateDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:01.10Z
</templateDiscontinuityTime>
<field>
<ieId>301</ieId>
<ieLength>8</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
<isScope/>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>138</ieId>
<ieLength>4</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>302</ieId>
<ieLength>4</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
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</template>
<template>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<templateId>258</templateId>
<setId>3</setId>
<accessTime>2010-03-15T00:00:02.15Z</accessTime>
<templateDataRecords>2</templateDataRecords>
<templateDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:01.10Z
</templateDiscontinuityTime>
<field>
<ieId>301</ieId>
<ieLength>8</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
<isScope/>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>138</ieId>
<ieLength>4</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>302</ieId>
<ieLength>4</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>302</ieId>
<ieLength>4</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
</template>
<template>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<templateId>259</templateId>
<setId>3</setId>
<accessTime>2010-03-15T00:00:02.15Z</accessTime>
<templateDataRecords>2</templateDataRecords>
<templateDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:01.10Z
</templateDiscontinuityTime>
<field>
<ieId>302</ieId>
<ieLength>4</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
<isScope/>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>304</ieId>
<ieLength>2</ieLength>
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<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>4</ieId>
<ieLength>1</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
</template>
<template>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<templateId>260</templateId>
<setId>3</setId>
<accessTime>2010-03-15T00:00:02.15Z</accessTime>
<templateDataRecords>1</templateDataRecords>
<templateDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:01.10Z
</templateDiscontinuityTime>
<field>
<ieId>302</ieId>
<ieLength>4</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
<isScope/>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>304</ieId>
<ieLength>2</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>309</ieId>
<ieLength>4</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>310</ieId>
<ieLength>4</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
</template>
<template>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<templateId>261</templateId>
<setId>3</setId>
<accessTime>2010-03-15T00:00:03.10Z</accessTime>
<templateDataRecords>2</templateDataRecords>
<templateDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:01.10Z
</templateDiscontinuityTime>
<field>
<ieId>301</ieId>
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<ieLength>8</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
<isScope/>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>318</ieId>
<ieLength>8</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>319</ieId>
<ieLength>8</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
</template>
<template>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<templateId>262</templateId>
<setId>3</setId>
<accessTime>2010-03-15T00:00:03.10Z</accessTime>
<templateDataRecords>2</templateDataRecords>
<templateDiscontinuityTime>2010-03-15T00:00:01.10Z
</templateDiscontinuityTime>
<field>
<ieId>301</ieId>
<ieLength>8</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
<isScope/>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>318</ieId>
<ieLength>8</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>319</ieId>
<ieLength>8</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>318</ieId>
<ieLength>8</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
</field>
<field>
<ieId>319</ieId>
<ieLength>8</ieLength>
<ieEnterpriseNumber>0</ieEnterpriseNumber>
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</field>
</template>
</transportSession>
</sctpExporter>
</destination>
<options>
<name>Options 1</name>
<optionsType>selectionSequence</optionsType>
<optionsTimeout>0</optionsTimeout>
</options>
<options>
<name>Options 2</name>
<optionsType>selectionStatistics</optionsType>
<optionsTimeout>30000</optionsTimeout>
</options>
</exportingProcess>
</ipfix>
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-7.2" href="#section-7.2">7.2</a>. IPFIX Device</span>
This configuration example demonstrates the shared usage of a Cache
for maintaining Flow Records from two Observation Points belonging to
different Observation Domains. Packets are selected using different
Sampling techniques: count-based Sampling for the first Observation
Point (eth0) and selection of all packets for the second Observation
Point (eth1). The Exporting Process sends the Flow Records to a
primary destination using SCTP. A UDP Collector is specified as
secondary destination.
Exporting Process reliability statistics [<a href="./rfc5101" title=""Specification of the IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic Flow Information"">RFC5101</a>] are exported
periodically every minute (60000 milliseconds). Selection Sequence
Report Interpretations and Selector Report Interpretations [<a href="./rfc5476" title=""Packet Sampling (PSAMP) Protocol Specifications"">RFC5476</a>]
are exported once after configuring the Selection Processes. In
total, two Selection Sequence Report Interpretations will be
exported, one for each Selection Process.
<ipfix xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipfix-psamp">
<observationPoint>
<name>OP at eth0 (ingress)</name>
<observationDomainId>123</observationDomainId>
<ifName>eth0</ifName>
<direction>ingress</direction>
<selectionProcess>Count-based packet selection</selectionProcess>
</observationPoint>
<observationPoint>
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<name>OP at eth1</name>
<observationDomainId>456</observationDomainId>
<ifName>eth1</ifName>
<selectionProcess>All packet selection</selectionProcess>
</observationPoint>
<selectionProcess>
<name>Count-based packet selection</name>
<selector>
<name>Count-based sampler</name>
<sampCountBased>
<packetInterval>1</packetInterval>
<packetSpace>99</packetSpace>
</sampCountBased>
</selector>
<cache>Flow cache</cache>
</selectionProcess>
<selectionProcess>
<name>All packet selection</name>
<selector>
<name>Select all</name>
<selectAll/>
</selector>
<cache>Flow cache</cache>
</selectionProcess>
<cache>
<name>Flow cache</name>
<timeoutCache>
<maxFlows>4096</maxFlows>
<activeTimeout>5000</activeTimeout>
<idleTimeout>10000</idleTimeout>
<cacheLayout>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 1</name>
<ieName>sourceIPv4Address</ieName>
<isFlowKey/>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 2</name>
<ieName>destinationIPv4Address</ieName>
<isFlowKey/>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 3</name>
<ieName>protocolIdentifier</ieName>
<isFlowKey/>
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</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 4</name>
<ieName>sourceTransportPort</ieName>
<isFlowKey/>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 5</name>
<ieName>destinationTransportPort</ieName>
<isFlowKey/>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 6</name>
<ieName>flowStartMilliseconds</ieName>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 7</name>
<ieName>flowEndSeconds</ieName>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 8</name>
<ieName>octetDeltaCount</ieName>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 9</name>
<ieName>packetDeltaCount</ieName>
</cacheField>
</cacheLayout>
</timeoutCache>
<exportingProcess>SCTP export with UDP backup</exportingProcess>
</cache>
<exportingProcess>
<name>SCTP export with UDP backup</name>
<exportMode>fallback</exportMode>
<destination>
<name>SCTP destination (primary)</name>
<sctpExporter>
<destinationPort>4739</destinationPort>
<destinationIPAddress>192.0.2.1</destinationIPAddress>
</sctpExporter>
</destination>
<destination>
<name>UDP destination (secondary)</name>
<udpExporter>
<destinationPort>4739</destinationPort>
<destinationIPAddress>192.0.2.2</destinationIPAddress>
<templateRefreshTimeout>300</templateRefreshTimeout>
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<optionsTemplateRefreshTimeout>300
</optionsTemplateRefreshTimeout>
</udpExporter>
</destination>
<options>
<name>Options 1</name>
<optionsType>selectionSequence</optionsType>
<optionsTimeout>0</optionsTimeout>
</options>
<options>
<name>Options 2</name>
<optionsType>exportingReliability</optionsType>
<optionsTimeout>60000</optionsTimeout>
</options>
</exportingProcess>
</ipfix>
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-7.3" href="#section-7.3">7.3</a>. Export of Flow Records and Packet Reports</span>
This configuration example demonstrates the combined export of Flow
Records and Packet Reports for a single Observation Point. One
Selection Process applies random Sampling to the Observed Packet
Stream. Its output is passed to a Cache generating Flow Records. In
parallel, the Observed Packet Stream enters a second Selection
Process that discards all non-ICMP packets and passes the selected
packets to a second Cache for generating Packet Reports. The output
of both Caches is exported to a single Collector using SCTP.
<ipfix xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipfix-psamp">
<observationPoint>
<name>OP at linecard 3</name>
<observationDomainId>9876</observationDomainId>
<ifIndex>4</ifIndex>
<direction>ingress</direction>
<selectionProcess>Sampling</selectionProcess>
<selectionProcess>ICMP</selectionProcess>
</observationPoint>
<selectionProcess>
<name>Sampling</name>
<selector>
<name>Random sampler</name>
<sampUniProb>
<probability>0.01</probability>
</sampUniProb>
</selector>
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<cache>Flow cache</cache>
</selectionProcess>
<selectionProcess>
<name>ICMP</name>
<selector>
<name>ICMP filter</name>
<filterMatch>
<ieId>4</ieId>
<value>1</value>
</filterMatch>
</selector>
<cache>Packet reporting</cache>
</selectionProcess>
<cache>
<name>Flow cache</name>
<timeoutCache>
<maxFlows>4096</maxFlows>
<activeTimeout>5</activeTimeout>
<idleTimeout>10</idleTimeout>
<cacheLayout>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 1</name>
<ieName>sourceIPv4Address</ieName>
<isFlowKey/>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 2</name>
<ieName>destinationIPv4Address</ieName>
<isFlowKey/>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 6</name>
<ieName>flowStartMilliseconds</ieName>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 7</name>
<ieName>flowEndSeconds</ieName>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 8</name>
<ieName>octetDeltaCount</ieName>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 9</name>
<ieName>packetDeltaCount</ieName>
</cacheField>
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</cacheLayout>
</timeoutCache>
<exportingProcess>Export</exportingProcess>
</cache>
<cache>
<name>Packet reporting</name>
<immediateCache>
<cacheLayout>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 1</name>
<ieId>313</ieId>
<ieLength>64</ieLength>
</cacheField>
<cacheField>
<name>Field 2</name>
<ieId>154</ieId>
</cacheField>
</cacheLayout>
</immediateCache>
<exportingProcess>Export</exportingProcess>
</cache>
<exportingProcess>
<name>Export</name>
<destination>
<name>SCTP collector</name>
<sctpExporter>
<destinationIPAddress>192.0.2.1</destinationIPAddress>
<timedReliability>0</timedReliability>
</sctpExporter>
</destination>
<options>
<name>Options 1</name>
<optionsType>selectionSequence</optionsType>
<optionsTimeout>0</optionsTimeout>
</options>
</exportingProcess>
</ipfix>
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<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-7.4" href="#section-7.4">7.4</a>. Collector and File Writer</span>
This configuration example configures a Collector that writes the
received data to a file.
<ipfix xmlns="urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipfix-psamp">
<collectingProcess>
<name>SCTP collector</name>
<sctpCollector>
<name>Listening port 4739</name>
<localPort>4739</localPort>
<localIPAddress>192.0.2.1</localIPAddress>
</sctpCollector>
<exportingProcess>File writer</exportingProcess>
</collectingProcess>
<exportingProcess>
<name>File writer</name>
<destination>
<name>Write to /tmp folder</name>
<fileWriter>
<file>file://tmp/collected-records.ipfix</file>
</fileWriter>
</destination>
</exportingProcess>
</ipfix>
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<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-7.5" href="#section-7.5">7.5</a>. Deviations</span>
Assume that a Monitoring Device has only two interfaces ifIndex=1 and
ifIndex=2, which can be configured as Observation Points. The
Observation Point ID is always identical to the ifIndex.
The following YANG module specifies these deviations.
module my-ipfix-psamp-deviation {
namespace "urn:my-company:xml:ns:ietf-ipfix-psamp";
prefix my;
import ietf-ipfix-psamp { prefix ipfix; }
deviation /ipfix:ipfix/ipfix:observationPoint/ipfix:entPhysicalIndex {
deviate not-supported;
}
deviation /ipfix:ipfix/ipfix:observationPoint/ipfix:entPhysicalName {
deviate not-supported;
}
deviation /ipfix:ipfix/ipfix:observationPoint/ipfix:ifName {
deviate not-supported;
}
deviation /ipfix:ipfix/ipfix:observationPoint {
deviate add {
must "ipfix:ifIndex=1 or ipfix:ifIndex=2";
}
}
deviation
/ipfix:ipfix/ipfix:observationPoint/ipfix:observationPointId {
deviate add {
must "current()=../ipfix:ifIndex";
}
}
}
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-8" href="#section-8">8</a>. Security Considerations</span>
The YANG module defined in this memo is designed to be accessed via
the NETCONF protocol [<a href="./rfc6241" title=""Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)"">RFC6241</a>]. The lowest NETCONF layer is the
secure transport layer and the mandatory-to-implement secure
transport is SSH [<a href="./rfc6242" title=""Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure Shell (SSH)"">RFC6242</a>].
There are a number of data nodes defined in this YANG module which
are writable/creatable/deletable (i.e., config true, which is the
default). These data nodes may be considered sensitive or vulnerable
in some network environments. Write operations (e.g., edit-config)
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to these data nodes without proper protection can have a negative
effect on network operations. These are the subtrees and data nodes
and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
/ipfix/observationPoint
The configuration parameters in this subtree specify where packets
are observed and by which Selection Processes they will be
processed. Write access to this subtree allows observing packets
at arbitrary interfaces or linecards of the Monitoring Device and
may thus lead to the export of sensitive traffic information.
/ipfix/selectionProcess
The configuration parameters in this subtree specify for which
packets information will be reported in Packet Reports or Flow
Records. Write access to this subtree allows changing the subset
of packets for which information will be reported and may thus
lead to the export of sensitive traffic information.
/ipfix/cache
The configuration parameters in this subtree specify the fields
included in Packet Reports or Flow Records. Write access to this
subtree allows adding fields which may contain sensitive traffic
information, such as IP addresses or parts of the packet payload.
/ipfix/exportingProcess
The configuration parameters in this subtree specify to which
Collectors Packet Reports or Flow Records are exported. Write
access to this subtree allows exporting potentially sensitive
traffic information to illegitimate Collectors. Furthermore, TLS/
DTLS parameters can be changed, which may affect the mutual
authentication between Exporters and Collectors as well as the
encrypted transport of the data.
/ipfix/collectingProcess
The configuration parameters in this subtree may specify that
collected Packet Reports and Flow Records are reexported to
another Collector or written to a file. Write access to this
subtree potentially allows reexporting or storing the sensitive
traffic information.
Some of the readable data nodes in this YANG module may be considered
sensitive or vulnerable in some network environments. It is thus
important to control read access (e.g., via get, get-config, or
notification) to these data nodes. These are the subtrees and data
nodes and their sensitivity/vulnerability:
/ipfix/observationPoint
Parameters in this subtree may be sensitive because they reveal
information about the Monitoring Device itself and the network
infrastructure.
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/ipfix/selectionProcess
Parameters in this subtree may be sensitive because they reveal
information about the Monitoring Device itself and the observed
traffic. For example, the counters packetsObserved and
packetsDropped inferring the number of observed packets.
/ipfix/cache
Parameters in this subtree may be sensitive because they reveal
information about the Monitoring Device itself and the observed
traffic. For example, the counters activeFlows and dataRecords
allow inferring the number of measured Flows or packets.
/ipfix/exportingProcess
Parameters in this subtree may be sensitive because they reveal
information about the network infrastructure and the outgoing
IPFIX Transport Sessions. For example, it discloses the IP
addresses of Collectors as well as the deployed TLS/DTLS
configuration, which may facilitate the interception of outgoing
IPFIX Messages.
/ipfix/collectingProcess
Parameters in this subtree may be sensitive because they reveal
information about the network infrastructure and the incoming
IPFIX Transport Sessions. For example, it discloses the IP
addresses of Exporters as well as the deployed TLS/DTLS
configuration, which may facilitate the interception of incoming
IPFIX Messages.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-9" href="#section-9">9</a>. IANA Considerations</span>
This document registers a URI in the IETF XML registry [<a href="./rfc3688" title=""The IETF XML Registry"">RFC3688</a>].
Following the format in <a href="./rfc3688">RFC 3688</a>, the following registration is
requested.
URI: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipfix-psamp
Registrant Contact: The IPFIX WG of the IETF.
XML: N/A, the requested URI is an XML namespace.
This document registers a YANG module in the YANG Module Names
registry [<a href="./rfc6020" title=""YANG - A Data Modeling Language for the Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)"">RFC6020</a>].
name: ietf-ipfix-psamp
namespace: urn:ietf:params:xml:ns:yang:ietf-ipfix-psamp
prefix: ipfix
reference: <a href="./rfc6728">RFC 6728</a>
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<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-10" href="#section-10">10</a>. Acknowledgements</span>
The authors thank Martin Bjorklund, Andy Bierman, and Ladislav Lhotka
for helping specify the configuration data model in YANG, as well as
Atsushi Kobayashi, Andrew Johnson, Lothar Braun, and Brian Trammell
for their valuable reviews of this document.
<span class="h2"><a class="selflink" id="section-11" href="#section-11">11</a>. References</span>
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-11.1" href="#section-11.1">11.1</a>. Normative References</span>
[<a id="ref-RFC2119">RFC2119</a>] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate
Requirement Levels", <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/bcp/bcp14">BCP 14</a>, <a href="./rfc2119">RFC 2119</a>, March 1997.
[<a id="ref-RFC5101">RFC5101</a>] Claise, B., "Specification of the IP Flow Information
Export (IPFIX) Protocol for the Exchange of IP Traffic
Flow Information", <a href="./rfc5101">RFC 5101</a>, January 2008.
[<a id="ref-RFC5102">RFC5102</a>] Quittek, J., Bryant, S., Claise, B., Aitken, P., and J.
Meyer, "Information Model for IP Flow Information Export",
<a href="./rfc5102">RFC 5102</a>, January 2008.
[<a id="ref-RFC5103">RFC5103</a>] Trammell, B. and E. Boschi, "Bidirectional Flow Export
Using IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)", <a href="./rfc5103">RFC 5103</a>,
January 2008.
[<a id="ref-RFC5475">RFC5475</a>] Zseby, T., Molina, M., Duffield, N., Niccolini, S., and F.
Raspall, "Sampling and Filtering Techniques for IP Packet
Selection", <a href="./rfc5475">RFC 5475</a>, March 2009.
[<a id="ref-RFC5476">RFC5476</a>] Claise, B., Johnson, A., and J. Quittek, "Packet Sampling
(PSAMP) Protocol Specifications", <a href="./rfc5476">RFC 5476</a>, March 2009.
[<a id="ref-RFC5477">RFC5477</a>] Dietz, T., Claise, B., Aitken, P., Dressler, F., and G.
Carle, "Information Model for Packet Sampling Exports",
<a href="./rfc5477">RFC 5477</a>, March 2009.
[<a id="ref-RFC6020">RFC6020</a>] Bjorklund, M., "YANG - A Data Modeling Language for the
Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)", <a href="./rfc6020">RFC 6020</a>,
October 2010.
[<a id="ref-RFC6021">RFC6021</a>] Schoenwaelder, J., "Common YANG Data Types", <a href="./rfc6021">RFC 6021</a>,
October 2010.
[<a id="ref-UML">UML</a>] Object Management Group, "OMG Unified Modeling Language
(OMG UML), Superstructure, V2.2", OMG formal/2009-02-02,
February 2009.
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[<a id="ref-IANA-IPFIX">IANA-IPFIX</a>]
IANA, "IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Entities",
<<a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix">http://www.iana.org/assignments/ipfix</a>>.
<span class="h3"><a class="selflink" id="section-11.2" href="#section-11.2">11.2</a>. Informative References</span>
[<a id="ref-RFC1141">RFC1141</a>] Mallory, T. and A. Kullberg, "Incremental updating of the
Internet checksum", <a href="./rfc1141">RFC 1141</a>, January 1990.
[<a id="ref-RFC2863">RFC2863</a>] McCloghrie, K. and F. Kastenholz, "The Interfaces Group
MIB", <a href="./rfc2863">RFC 2863</a>, June 2000.
[<a id="ref-RFC3280">RFC3280</a>] Housley, R., Polk, W., Ford, W., and D. Solo, "Internet
X.509 Public Key Infrastructure Certificate and
Certificate Revocation List (CRL) Profile", <a href="./rfc3280">RFC 3280</a>,
April 2002.
[<a id="ref-RFC5280">RFC5280</a>] Cooper, D., Santesson, S., Farrell, S., Boeyen, S.,
Housley, R., and W. Polk, "Internet X.509 Public Key
Infrastructure Certificate and Certificate Revocation List
(CRL) Profile", <a href="./rfc5280">RFC 5280</a>, May 2008.
[<a id="ref-RFC3688">RFC3688</a>] Mealling, M., "The IETF XML Registry", <a href="https://www.rfc-editor.org/bcp/bcp81">BCP 81</a>, <a href="./rfc3688">RFC 3688</a>,
January 2004.
[<a id="ref-RFC3758">RFC3758</a>] Stewart, R., Ramalho, M., Xie, Q., Tuexen, M., and P.
Conrad, "Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)
Partial Reliability Extension", <a href="./rfc3758">RFC 3758</a>, May 2004.
[<a id="ref-RFC3871">RFC3871</a>] Jones, G., "Operational Security Requirements for Large
Internet Service Provider (ISP) IP Network
Infrastructure", <a href="./rfc3871">RFC 3871</a>, September 2004.
[<a id="ref-RFC3917">RFC3917</a>] Quittek, J., Zseby, T., Claise, B., and S. Zander,
"Requirements for IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX)",
<a href="./rfc3917">RFC 3917</a>, October 2004.
[<a id="ref-RFC4133">RFC4133</a>] Bierman, A. and K. McCloghrie, "Entity MIB (Version 3)",
<a href="./rfc4133">RFC 4133</a>, August 2005.
[<a id="ref-RFC6347">RFC6347</a>] Rescorla, E. and N. Modadugu, "Datagram Transport Layer
Security Version 1.2", <a href="./rfc6347">RFC 6347</a>, January 2012.
[<a id="ref-RFC6241">RFC6241</a>] Enns, R., Bjorklund, M., Schoenwaelder, J., and A.
Bierman, "Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF)",
<a href="./rfc6241">RFC 6241</a>, June 2011.
<span class="grey">Muenz, et al. Standards Track [Page 126]</span><span id="page-127" ></span>
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[<a id="ref-RFC6242">RFC6242</a>] Wasserman, M., "Using the NETCONF Protocol over Secure
Shell (SSH)", <a href="./rfc6242">RFC 6242</a>, June 2011.
[<a id="ref-RFC4960">RFC4960</a>] Stewart, R., "Stream Control Transmission Protocol",
<a href="./rfc4960">RFC 4960</a>, September 2007.
[<a id="ref-RFC5246">RFC5246</a>] Dierks, T. and E. Rescorla, "The Transport Layer Security
(TLS) Protocol Version 1.2", <a href="./rfc5246">RFC 5246</a>, August 2008.
[<a id="ref-RFC5470">RFC5470</a>] Sadasivan, G., Brownlee, N., Claise, B., and J. Quittek,
"Architecture for IP Flow Information Export", <a href="./rfc5470">RFC 5470</a>,
March 2009.
[<a id="ref-RFC5472">RFC5472</a>] Zseby, T., Boschi, E., Brownlee, N., and B. Claise, "IP
Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Applicability", <a href="./rfc5472">RFC 5472</a>,
March 2009.
[<a id="ref-RFC5473">RFC5473</a>] Boschi, E., Mark, L., and B. Claise, "Reducing Redundancy
in IP Flow Information Export (IPFIX) and Packet Sampling
(PSAMP) Reports", <a href="./rfc5473">RFC 5473</a>, March 2009.
[<a id="ref-RFC5474">RFC5474</a>] Duffield, N., Chiou, D., Claise, B., Greenberg, A.,
Grossglauser, M., and J. Rexford, "A Framework for Packet
Selection and Reporting", <a href="./rfc5474">RFC 5474</a>, March 2009.
[<a id="ref-RFC5610">RFC5610</a>] Boschi, E., Trammell, B., Mark, L., and T. Zseby,
"Exporting Type Information for IP Flow Information Export
(IPFIX) Information Elements", <a href="./rfc5610">RFC 5610</a>, July 2009.
[<a id="ref-RFC5655">RFC5655</a>] Trammell, B., Boschi, E., Mark, L., Zseby, T., and A.
Wagner, "Specification of the IP Flow Information Export
(IPFIX) File Format", <a href="./rfc5655">RFC 5655</a>, October 2009.
[<a id="ref-RFC6110">RFC6110</a>] Lhotka, L., "Mapping YANG to Document Schema Definition
Languages and Validating NETCONF Content", <a href="./rfc6110">RFC 6110</a>,
February 2011.
[<a id="ref-RFC6526">RFC6526</a>] Claise, B., Aitken, P., Johnson, A., and G. Muenz, "IP
Flow Information Export (IPFIX) Per Stream Control
Transmission Protocol (SCTP) Stream", <a href="./rfc6526">RFC 6526</a>,
March 2012.
[<a id="ref-RFC6615">RFC6615</a>] Dietz, T., Kobayashi, A., Claise, B., and G. Muenz,
"Definitions of Managed Objects for IP Flow Information
Export", <a href="./rfc6615">RFC 6615</a>, June 2012.
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[<a id="ref-W3C.REC-xml-20081126">W3C.REC-xml-20081126</a>]
Sperberg-McQueen, C., Yergeau, F., Bray, T., Paoli, J.,
and E. Maler, "Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Fifth
Edition)", World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation
REC-xml-20081126, November 2008,
<<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-xml-20081126">http://www.w3.org/TR/2008/REC-xml-20081126</a>>.
[<a id="ref-W3C.REC-xmlschema-0-20041028">W3C.REC-xmlschema-0-20041028</a>]
Walmsley, P. and D. Fallside, "XML Schema Part 0: Primer
Second Edition", World Wide Web Consortium Recommendation
REC-xmlschema-0-20041028, October 2004,
<<a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-0-20041028">http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/REC-xmlschema-0-20041028</a>>.
[<a id="ref-RFC6727">RFC6727</a>] Dietz, T., Claise, B., and J. Quittek, "Definitions of
Managed Objects for Packet Sampling", <a href="./rfc6727">RFC 6727</a>, October
2012.
[<a id="ref-YANG-WEB">YANG-WEB</a>]
Bjoerklund, M., "YANG WebHome", March 2011,
<<a href="http://www.yang-central.org/">http://www.yang-central.org/</a>>.
[<a id="ref-IANA-ENTERPRISE-NUMBERS">IANA-ENTERPRISE-NUMBERS</a>]
IANA, "Private Enterprise Numbers",
<<a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/enterprise-numbers">http://www.iana.org/assignments/enterprise-numbers</a>>.
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Authors' Addresses
Gerhard Muenz
Technische Universitaet Muenchen
Department of Informatics
Chair for Network Architectures and Services (I8)
Boltzmannstr. 3
85748 Garching
Germany
EMail: [email protected]
URI: <a href="http://www.net.in.tum.de/~muenz">http://www.net.in.tum.de/~muenz</a>
Benoit Claise
Cisco Systems, Inc.
De Kleetlaan 6a b1
1831 Diegem
Belgium
Phone: +32 2 704 5622
EMail: [email protected]
Paul Aitken
Cisco Systems, Inc.
96 Commercial Quay
Commercial Street
Edinburgh EH6 6LX
United Kingdom
Phone: +44 131 561 3616
EMail: [email protected]
Muenz, et al. Standards Track [Page 129]
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